[1]张志坚,刘苑秋,吴春生,等.基于地统计学和GIS的江西省森林土壤养分空间分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(01):38-46.
　ZHANG Zhijian,LIU Yuanqiu,WU Chunsheng,et al.Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Forest Soil Nutrients in Jiangxi Province Based on Geostatistics and GIS[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(01):38-46.
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基于地统计学和GIS的江西省森林土壤养分空间分布特征

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 25 期数: 2018年01期 页码: 38-46 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-02-28
Title:
Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Forest Soil Nutrients in Jiangxi Province Based on Geostatistics and GIS
作者:
张志坚1,3, 刘苑秋1, 吴春生1, 李晓东1, 刘亮英1, 李应文2
1. 江西农业大学 林学院, 南昌 330045;
2. 中国科学院华南植物园, 广州 510520;
3. 宜春市林业科学研究所, 江西 宜春 336000
Author(s):
ZHANG Zhijian1,3, LIU Yuanqiu1, WU Chunsheng1, LI Xiaodong1, LIU Liangying1, LI Yingwen2
1. College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China;
2. South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
3. Yichun City Forestry Research Institute, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, China
关键词:
森林; 土壤养分; 空间变异; 地统计学; GIS
Keywords:
forest; soil nutrients; spatial variation; geological statistics; GIS
分类号:
S714.8
摘要:
土壤作为一种形态和演化过程都十分复杂的自然综合体，在成土过程中，受到不同的自然、环境条件因素的影响，使得土壤养分的分布具有高度的差异性。研究基于江西省340个森林土壤剖面5个土层（0—10 cm，10—20 cm，20—30 cm，30—50 cm和50—100 cm）土壤养分数据，运用地统计学方法和GIS技术对江西省森林土壤有机质（SOM）、全氮（TN）及全磷（TP）空间变异特征进行研究，并分析了三种土壤养分在江西省的空间分布特点。结果表明：（1）垂直方向上看，江西省森林土壤SOM，TN均随土层深度增加而减少，而TP变化趋势不明显；水平方向上看，土壤SOM总体丰富，高值区主要在东北部和西部；TN具有明显的南北分异，赣北地区森林土壤TN含量较高，赣南地区较为缺乏；全省各地磷素较为缺乏，各方向无明显分异；（2）江西省森林土壤养分受植被类型、土壤类型影响大，土壤养分含量总体表现为棕壤 > 黄壤 > 红壤，竹林 > 阔叶林 > 针叶林；（3）SOM具有强烈变异性，各土层变异系数为77.88%～123.73%，产生了严重的“贫富差距”，TN和TP具有中等程度的变异；（4）球状模型、指数模型、高斯模型能较好地描述江西森林土壤养分空间变异特征，TN和TP的空间自相关性在垂直方向上具有“上下强，中间弱”的规律，SOM表现为“上强下弱”的规律，植被因素和取样方式均为造成较大的随机性变异的主因；表层土壤中SOM和TN变程在100 km以内，深层土壤变程均大于200 km，TP自相关距离相对较小，为19～75 km；（5）江西省山地森林土壤养分含量显著高于丘陵森林，土壤养分形成由江西省边界山区向吉泰盆地等中部地区递减的趋势。
Abstract:
The soil was a natural complex with complicated morphological and evolutionary processes. In the process of soil formation, the nutrient of soil was highly different due to different natural and environmental factors. Based on the soil nutrient data of 5 soil layers (0—10 cm, 10—2—0 cm, 20—30 cm, 30—50 cm and 50—100 cm) in 340 forest soil profiles in Jiangxi Province, the study used geostatistical methods and GIS techniques to analyze the spatial variability and the spatial distribution characteristics of SOM, TN and TP in forest soils of Jiangxi Province. The results showed that:the soil SOM and TN decreased with the depth of soil layer, while the trend of TP was not obvious; the soil SOM high-value area is in the northeast and west, but TN has obvious north-south differentiation, the content of TN in the northern forest soil was higher than that in the south; the phosphorus is very deficient, there is no significant difference across the province. The soil nutrient contents in the forest soils of Jiangxi Province were influenced by the vegetation types and soil types, and the soil nutrient contents decreased in the order:brown soil > yellow soil > red soil, bamboo > broad-leaved forest > coniferous forest. The coefficients of variation of SOM ranged from 77.88% to 123.73%, leading to strong dispersibility and variability. But the data for TN and TP showed moderate variability. The spatial variability of forest soil nutrients in Jiangxi Province can be well described by spherical model, exponential model and Gauss model. The spatial autocorrelation of TN and TP in top soil and deep soils was stronger, and was weaker in the middle soil layer. While the spatial autocorrelation of SOM decreased with the increase of soil depth. According to the analysis, differences in vegetation factors and sampling methods may lead to large random variation. The autocorrelation distances of SOM and TN in top soil do not exceed 100 km, but they were greater than 200 km in 50—100 cm layer, resulting in greater similarity. For TP, the autocorrelation distance is small throughout the soil and remains between 19～75 km. In the vertical direction, the contents of SOM and TN in the soil layer are obviously fading, which are rich in 0—10 cm soil layer and moderate in 50—100 cm soil layer. TP content in the soil layer was not obvious. And phosphorus deficiency in forest soil is very significant in Jiangxi Province. The soil nutrient contents of mountainous forest in Jiangxi Province were significantly higher than those in hilly forest, and the soil nutrients were decreasing from the border mountainous area of Jiangxi Province to the middle part of Jitai Basin.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2017-2-16;改回日期:2017-3-5。
基金项目:中国科学院战略性先导科技专项项目（XDA05050205）；“赣鄱英才“555”工程领军人才培养计划”
作者简介:张志坚(1990-),男,江西安福人,硕士研究生,主要从事森林生态方向研究。E-mail:1246364918@qq.com
通讯作者:刘亮英(1977-),女,江西南昌人,硕士,实验师,主要从事森林生态方向研究。E-mail:358570062@qq.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01