FU Mengdi,XIAO Nengwen,ZHAO Zhiping,et al.Effects of Urbanization on Ecosystem Services in Beijing[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(05):235-239.
北京城市化进程对生态系统服务的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Urbanization on Ecosystem Services in Beijing
- Keywords:
- urbanization; urban ecosystem services; Beijing; InVEST model
- 分类号:
- F291;F301.2;X171.1
- 摘要:
- 基于熵值法对1993—2013年北京城市化水平进行了综合测度，以1993年、2003年、2013年3期遥感数据为基本信息源，采用GIS技术和InVEST（integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs，生态系统服务与权衡综合评价）模型，分析了北京市土地利用和生态系统服务时空变化特征，并研究了北京城市化进程对生态系统服务的影响。结果表明：北京城市化综合水平不断提高，主要表现为社会和空间城市化，其次是人口城市化，而经济城市化的影响相对较弱；全市土地利用变化剧烈，建设用地和草地大幅增长，林地稍有增长，耕地和水体缩减严重；城市生态系统固碳服务呈现先增加后减少的趋势，总体上碳储量减少了5%，水源供给和土壤保持服务分别增加216%和76%。林地、草地面积的增加和耕地面积的减少改善了土壤保持服务，森林的扩张同时也改善了固碳服务，但温度和降水条件的限制导致后10 a固碳服务出现明显减少，人口聚集和城市硬化地表的增加则是导致城市生态系统水源供给服务大幅增长的主要原因。由于城市生态系统水源供给服务这块短板，建议放缓或停止北京城市化发展进程，重点加强其社会、经济城市化发展质量。
- Abstract:
- We analyzed the evolution of Beijing’s urbanization level with the entropy method from 1993 to 2013. Based on the remote sensing images in 1993, 2003 and 2013, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of land use and ecosystem services were examined by using GIS technology and InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs) models. The effects of urbanization on ecosystem services were also detected in Beijing. The results showed that the urbanization of Beijing continuously increased from 1993 to 2013. The urbanization represented the fast development of the society and space urbanization, followed by the population urbanization, and the economy urbanization was the weakest. The land use had a great change: urban construction sites and grassland area increased, forest area slightly increased, and farmland and water area decreased. Carbon sequestration service increased firstly and then decreased, with a reduction of 5% carbon storage in total in the past 20 years. Water supply service and sediment retention increased by 216% and 76%, respectively. The increased forestland and grassland and decreased farmland improved the ability of sediment retention. The expansion of forest improved the ability of carbon sequestration service from 1993 to 2003, but temperature and precipitation had decreased this ability since 2003. The increase in population gathering and hardened ground were the main reasons for increased water supply service. Owing to the limitation of water supply service, we suggest to stop or slow the speed of the urbanization in Beijing, and focus on the development quality of society and economic urbanization.
参考文献/References:
[1] 毛齐正,黄甘霖,邬建国.城市生态系统服务研究综述[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(4):1023-1033.
[2] Alam M, Dupras J, Messier C. A framework towards a composite indicator for urban ecosystem services[J]. Ecological Indicators,2016,60:38-44.
[3] Peng J, Liu Y, Wu J, et al. Linking ecosystem services and landscape patterns to assess urban ecosystem health:A case study in Shenzhen City, China[J]. Landscape and Urban Planning,2015,143:56-68.
[4] 彭文甫,周介铭,罗怀良,等.城市土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值损益估算:以成都市为例[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(4):43-51.
[5] 李锋,叶亚平,宋博文,等.城市生态用地的空间结构及其生态系统服务动态演变:以常州市为例[J].生态学报,2011,31(19):5623-5631.
[6] 周忠学.城市化对生态系统服务功能的影响机制探讨与实证研究[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(5):32-38.
[7] 胡喜生,洪伟,吴承祯.福州市土地生态系统服务与城市化耦合度分析[J].地理科学,2013,33(10):1216-1223.
[8] 谢高地,张彪,鲁春霞,等.北京城市扩张的资源环境效应[J].资源科学,2015,37(6):1108-1114.
[9] 俞孔坚,王思思,李迪华,等.北京城市扩张的生态底线:基本生态系统服务及其安全格局[J].城市规划,2010(2):19-24.
[10] 黄从红,杨军,张文娟.生态系统服务功能评估模型研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(12):3360-3367.
[11] Wang Z, Mao D, Li L, et al. Quantifying changes in multiple ecosystem services during 1992-2012 in the Sanjiang Plain of China[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2015,514:119-130.
[12] 袁爱萍,路炳军,段淑怀,等.北京市土壤侵蚀监测方法探讨[J].中国水土保持科学,2011,9(2):1-3.
[13] Hutchinson M F, Xu T B. ANUSPLIN version 4.4 user guide[Z]. Canberra:The Australian National University,2013.
[14] Allen R G, Pereira L S, Raes D, et al. Crop Evapotranspiration-Guidelines for Computing Crop Water Requirements-FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56[M]. Rome:FAO, 1998.
[15] 周广胜,罗天祥.自然植被净第一性生产力模型及其应用[J].林业科学,1998,34(5):2-11.
[16] 陈明星,陆大道,张华.中国城市化水平的综合测度及其动力因子分析[J].地理学报,2009,64(4):387-398.
[17] 贾琦,运迎霞.京津冀都市圈城镇化质量测度及区域差异分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(3):8-12.
[18] Zhao J, Chai L. A novel approach for urbanization level evaluation based on information entropy principle:A case of Beijing[J]. Physica A:Statistical Mechanics & Its Applications,2015,430:114-125.
[19] 国家林业局.森林生态系统服务功能评估规范LY/T 1721-2008[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[20] Tallis H T, Ricketts T, Guerry A D, et al. InVEST 2.6.0 user’s guide[Z]. Stanford:The Natural Capital Project,2011.
[21] 王万忠,焦菊英.中国的土壤侵蚀因子定量评价研究[J].水土保持通报,1996,16(5):1-20.
[22] 杨军,欧春泉,陈斌,等.1951-2012年北京市气象因素变化特征研究[J].环境与健康杂志,2014,31(5):395-398.
[23] 方创琳,王德利.中国城市化发展质量的综合测度与提升路径[J].地理研究,2011,30(11):1931-1946.
[24] 李文鹏,郑跃军,郝爱兵.北京平原区地下水位预警初步研究[J].地学前缘,2010(6):166-173.
[25] 黄云凤,崔胜辉,石龙宇.半城市化地区生态系统服务对土地利用/覆被变化的响应:以厦门市集美区为例[J].地理科学进展,2012,31(5):551-560.
[26] 蔡邦成,周慧平.昆山城市化与生态系统服务的关系定量研究[J].环境保护科学,2010,36(4):40-42.
[27] 程琳,李锋,邓华锋.中国超大城市土地利用状况及其生态系统服务动态演变[J].生态学报,2011,31(20):6194-6203.
相似文献/References:
[1]赵安周,李英俊,卫海燕,等.西安市城市化与城市生态环境耦合协调发展研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):152.
ZHAO An-zhou,LI Ying-jun,WEI Hai-yan,et al.Study on Coupling Coordination Development between Urbanization and Urban Eco-environment of Xi’an City[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):152.
[2]郭施宏,王富喜.山东省城市化与城市土地集约利用耦合协调关系研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):163.
GUO Shi-hong,WANG Fu-xi.Coupled Coordination between Urbanization and Intensive Urban Land Use in Shandong Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):163.
[3]朱邦耀,李秀霞,刘春燕,等.东北腹地城镇城市化支撑体系研究——以吉林省四平市为例[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):232.
ZHU Bang-yao,LI Xiu-xia,LIU Chun-yan,et al.Study of the Urbanization Supporting System in the Hinterland of Cities and Towns in Northeast China-A Case Study in Siping, Jilin Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):232.
[4]钟凤,李秀霞.吉林省四平市城市化发展动力机制研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):263.
ZHONG Feng,LI Xiu-xia.Research on the Dynamic Mechanism of Urbanization Development of Siping City in Jilin Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):263.
[5]周玄德,孜比布拉·司马义.吐鲁番市城市化与生态环境动态分析[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):159.
ZHOU Xuan-de,Zibibula·Simayi.Dynamic Analysis on Urbanization and Ecological Environment of the Turpan City[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):159.
[6]陈红顺,夏斌.快速城市化地区土地利用变化研究——以广东省东莞市为例[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):239.
CHEN Hong-shun,XIA Bin.Analysis of Land Use Change in Rapidly Urbanized Area—A Case Study of Dongguan City, Guangdong Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(05):239.
[7]陈法扬,谢军.论我国城市化过程中的水土保持问题[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(01):16.
Chen Fayang,Xie Jun.On the Problem of Soil and Water Conservation in the Course of Urbanization[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1997,4(05):16.
[8]熊国琪.平原地区的城市化水土保持问题探讨[J].水土保持研究,1997,4(01):35.
Xiong Guoqi.Study on the Conservation of Soil and Water Urbanization in the Plain Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1997,4(05):35.
[9]刘伟常,吴长文.全面推进城市水土保持试点工作[J].水土保持研究,1998,5(02):2.
Liu Weichang,Wu ChangWen.Practice and Probe Into Urbanized Soil and Water Conservation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1998,5(05):2.
[10]陈霞,吴长文,盛定生.城市水土保持中水保方案审批管理探讨[J].水土保持研究,1998,5(02):38.
Chen Xia,Wu Changwen,Sheng Dingsheng.On the Management of Examination and Approval of Soil and Water Conservation Programme in Urbanized Construction[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1998,5(05):38.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-02-22;改回日期:2016-03-09。
基金项目:北京重点科技项目“北京城市生物多样性评估与保护对策研究”（PXM2014-178218-000005）
作者简介:付梦娣(1987-),女(蒙古族),黑龙江饶河人,学士,工程师,主要从事遥感与GIS应用研究。E-mail:mengdi_fu@163.com
通讯作者:李俊生(1968-),男,安徽巢湖人,博士,研究员,主要从事环境科学与生物多样性研究。E-mail:lijsh@craes.org.cn