CHANG Enhao,LI Peng,LIU Ying,et al.Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Pinus tabulaeformis Fine Root on Sloping Land in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(05):28-34.
黄土丘陵区油松林细根在坡面的空间分布特征
- Title:
- Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Pinus tabulaeformis Fine Root on Sloping Land in Loess Hilly Region
- Keywords:
- Pinus tabulaeformis; fine root; slope position; soil layer; extinction coefficient; path analysis
- 分类号:
- S791.254
- 摘要:
- 以黄土丘陵区人工油松林坡地为研究对象，采用网格法，距坡顶10 m（SP1），20 m（SP2），30 m（SP3）和40 m（SP4）处，分9层（20 cm/层）钻取土样，分析了细根形态、生物量的空间分异特征。结果表明：（1）油松细根生物量和根长密度主要分布在0—100 cm的土壤中，占0—180 cm土壤的83%和81%，并随土层深度增加呈指数下降趋势，比根长则随土层深度增加而逐渐增大；（2）SP1处细根生物量（1.26 mg/cm3）、根长密度（7.21 mm/cm3）、根面积密度（13.28 mm2/cm3）显著小于SP2，SP3和SP4（p < 0.05），而SP1处比根长（1 099.36 mm/mg）、比根面积（1 075.48 mm2/mg）显著大于其他坡位处的（p < 0.05）；（3）油松细根在坡面的空间分异性，是由于不同坡位立地条件下土壤水分的显著差异导致，其影响程度达到极显著水平（p < 0.01）。研究结果对于揭示立地条件对根系行为的影响机制具有一定的参考价值，为黄土丘陵区水土保持植物措施的配置提供科学依据。
- Abstract:
- Root system is sensitive to soil environment and plays an important role in forest ecosystem. Fine root is the core link for mass circulation and energy flow between vegetation and soil environment. Based on the former research about the spatial distribution of fine root, there were significant differences both in vertical and horizontal distribution. Due to different slope positions (SP), the light and heat conditions and soil physicochemical properties were various, which had effects on biological and botanical characteristics of vegetation. These discrepancies could affect the growth and distribution of fine root. Therefore, the study on spatial distribution of fine root on slope is important. Targeting at the artificial Pinus tabulaeformis forest in Loess Hilly Region, the grid sampling method was used to analyze the root morphology, biomass spatial variability with 10 m (SP1), 20 m (SP2), 30 m (SP3) and 40 m (SP4) from the top of the sloping land. The results showed that: (1) The fine root weight density (FRWD) and fine root length density (FRLD) mainly clustered in the 0—100 cm soil layer which accounted for 83% and 81% of that in the 0—180 cm soil layer, respectively. They decreased exponentially with the increase of soil depth and the specific root length (SRL) added along soil depth, known from the extinction coefficient, the FRWD with 0～2 mm diameter in deep soil layer was less and that with 0～0.5 mm diameter was the least which indicated that the smaller of root diameter, the less FRWD distributed in deep layer; (2) In horizontal direction, the distribution of FRWD, FRLD and fine root area density (FRAD) with various SP showed ‘N’ type. FRWD, FRLD and SRL had significant difference (p < 0.05) with the different SP. FRWD (1.26 mg/cm3), FRLD (7.21 mm/cm3) and FRAD (13.28 mm2/cm3) in SP1 were significantly less than that in SP2, SP3 and SP4 (p < 0.05). The distribution of specific root length (SRL) and specific root area (SRA) with SP showed V-shape. While the SRL (1 099.36 mm/mg) and SRA (1 075.48 mm2/mg) in SP1 were significantly higher than other SP (p < 0.05); (3) Fine root growth on SP1 were significantly different from other SP (p < 0.05), soil water and nutrients were also different from other SP. The spatial difference of fine root was caused by the soil properties of various site conditions with four SP. The direct and indirect effect of soil water, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total organic carbon on the spatial distribution of fine root was determined by the path coefficient analysis. Regression analysis showed that the main factor of spatial distribution of fine root is the soil water, which had extremely significant effect (p < 0.01) on fine root of Pinus tabulaeformis. The results will supply references for the influence mechanism of site conditions on root behaviors, and provide scientific basis for the arrangement of soil and water conservation vegetation measures in the loess hilly region.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-01-14;改回日期:2016-01-23。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金重点项目“黄土高原生态建设的生态—水文过程响应机理研究”（41330858）；国家自然科学基金“基于能量过程的坡沟系统侵蚀产沙过程调控与模拟”（41471226）；国家自然科学基金“黄土区退耕生态系统植被根系行为特征与土壤水资源响应”（41271290）；水利部公益性行业科研专项经费“生产建设项目水土保持生态效应监测与评价技术研究”（201501045）
作者简介:常恩浩(1991-),男,陕西西安人,硕士研究生,黄土高原植被生态建设。E-mail:123 ceh@163.com
通讯作者:李鹏(1974-),男,山东烟台人,教授,水土保持与生态环境建设。E-mail:lipeng74@163.com