ZHENG Peilong,LI Yunxia,ZHAO Yang,et al.Effects of Climate Variation and Land Use Change on Runoff in Jinghe Basin of the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(05):20-24.
黄土高原泾河流域气候和土地利用变化对径流产沙的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Climate Variation and Land Use Change on Runoff in Jinghe Basin of the Loess Plateau
- 分类号:
- S157;P333
- 摘要:
- 研究黄土高原流域水沙对气候和土地利用变化的响应机理，对生态调控决策制定及区域水土保持措施优化配置具有重要意义。以黄土高原泾河流域为研究对象，采用Mann-Kendall检验、累积距平和双累积曲线等方法，定量分析了流域近40年降水、径流和输沙的演变规律及土地利用变化特征，探讨了流域气候和土地利用变化对流域水沙量的影响。结果表明：（1）泾河流域径流深和输沙模数年际均呈显著下降趋势，在20世纪80，90年代尤为明显；（2）泾河流域土地利用结构发生了重大变化，具体表现为坡耕地向梯田的转换、耕地向林地草地的转换和沙地裸地向草地灌丛的转换；（3）人类活动影响下的土地利用变化对径流泥沙贡献率分别为82.90%，94.10%，气候因素影响很小。
- Abstract:
- In the Loess Plateau, study on the response mechanism of runoff and sediment to land use change is of great importance for ecological regulation decision-making and the optimal allocation of soil and water conservation measures. Therefore, based on Jinghe Basin in the Loess Plateau as the research example, the Mann-Kendall test, accumulative-annual anomaly and double mass analysis were used to quantitatively examine the precipitation, runoff and sediment change and the characteristics of land use change in nearly 40 years, then the influences of the climate and land use change on runoff and sediment were discussed. Results showed that: (1) trends of annual precipitation of Jinghe Basin were different and not obvious; annual runoff depth and sediment transport modulus of the five watersheds showed the significant decline, especially in the 1980s—1990s; (2) it turned out that land use structure greatly changed in recent decades; major changes were the conversions of slope land to terrace, cultivated land to forestland and grassland, sandy bare land to grassland and thickets; (3) the influence of human activities on runoff and sediment contribution rates were 82.90% and 94.10%, respectively, the impacts of climate factors were very slight.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2014-09-03;改回日期:2014-10-08。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金（51379008，41501041）；流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室自主研究课题（泥ZY1304，2014QN04）
作者简介:郑培龙(1976-),男,山西盂县人,硕士,工程师,研究方向为水土保持。E-mail:zhengpeilong1122@163.com
通讯作者:赵阳(1986-),男,河北枣强人,博士,工程师,主要从事水土保持研究。E-mail:zhaoyang1224@163.com