JING Ruiyong,WANG Liyan,GUO Yongxia.Effects of Bioorganic Fertilizers on Soil Enzyme Activities and Amount of Microorganism in Pakchoi Pot Experiment[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(02):79-83,89.
生物有机肥对盆栽小白菜土壤酶活性和微生物数量的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Bioorganic Fertilizers on Soil Enzyme Activities and Amount of Microorganism in Pakchoi Pot Experiment
- Keywords:
- bioorganic fertilizer; soil enzyme; amount of microorganism; pakchoi
- 分类号:
- S154.3
- 摘要:
- 生物有机肥对绿色有机农业的发展至关重要，国内外生物有机肥品种繁多，筛选适宜本地的生物有机肥意义重大。采用施4种生物有机肥盆栽四季小白菜试验，定期采集土样检测少量施生物有机肥处理（2 g/kg）的土壤酶和微生物数量的动态变化。结果发现，施肥1周时，生物有机肥可促进土壤过氧化氢酶及脲酶活性，而降低了土壤细菌数量，2周时，生物有机肥可明显刺激细菌增殖，提高土壤蛋白酶、转化酶及磷酸酶活性。3周时生物有机肥仍可促进土壤磷酸酶活性，而其他酶活性恢复至对照水平，4周时，生物有机肥处理的土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蛋白酶及磷酸酶活性及土壤真菌数量恢复至对照水平。在检测中期，由国外引进的生物有机肥BF1在不施化肥时可明显改善土壤微生物学特性，有待深入研究。以上结果为筛选优良生物有机肥提供理论依据。
- Abstract:
- Bioorganic fertilizer is vital for development of green organic agriculture, and there are a great variety of bio-organic fertilizers at home and abroad. It is of significance of screening appropriate local bioorganic fertilizers. In this paper, pakchoi was cultivated with four bioorganic fertilizers, dynamic changes of soil enzyme activities and amount of microorganism in the treatment with bio-organic fertilizer (2 g/kg) were detected by regular sampling in pot experiment. The results showed that bioorganic fertilizers could promote the activities of catalase and urease and reduce the amount of soil bacteria at the first week after fertilization. Bioorganic fertilizers significantly stimulated the bacteria proliferation, improved the activities of soil protease, sucrose and phosphatase in 2 weeks after fertilization. In 3 weeks after fertilization bioorganic fertilizers still promoted the activity of soil phosphatase, howerer, the other enzyme activity returned to control level. In 4 weeks after fertilization the activities of catalase, urease, protease and phosphatase and the amount of fungi in treatment with bioorganic fertilizer returned to control level. In the middle of detection, the abroad bioorganic fertilizer(BF1) could improve soil microbial properties when no chemical fertilizer was not applied, which needs to further study. The above results can provide the theoretical basis for selecting excellent bioorganic fertilizer.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2014-12-01;改回日期:2014-12-25。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31300425）
作者简介:荆瑞勇(1978-),男,内蒙人,博士,讲师,主要从事微生物生态的教学与科研。E-mail:jry_2002@126.com
通讯作者:郭永霞(1970-),女,黑龙江人,博导,教授,主要从事生物技术方面教学与科研。E-mail:gyxia@163.com