ZHAO Gan,HUANG Yan-he,LIN Jin-shi,et al.Effect of Discharge and Slope Gradient on Colluvial Deposits Erosion in Benggang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(02):11-16.
流量及坡度对崩岗崩积体侵蚀的影响
- Title:
- Effect of Discharge and Slope Gradient on Colluvial Deposits Erosion in Benggang
- Keywords:
- Benggang; colluvial deposits; discharge; slope gradient; soil erosion
- 分类号:
- S157.1
- 摘要:
- 崩积体是崩岗的重要组成部分，具有土质疏松、粗颗粒含量高、坡度大、易侵蚀等特征。通过不同上方来水（3.6，7.2，10.8，14.4 L/min）和不同坡度（20°，25°，30°，35°，40°）相结合的室内放水冲刷试验，模拟不同上方来水及坡度对崩岗崩积体侵蚀的影响。结果表明：崩积体侵蚀产沙过程可分为逐步递增阶段、波动变化阶段和稳定阶段；含沙量随时间的变化分为平缓型和多峰型两种；在20°，25°和30°条件下，崩积体坡面流基本都属于低含沙水流，在35°和40°条件下，崩积体坡面流均属于高含沙水流；上方来水对产沙量的影响大于坡度，而坡度对含沙量的影响大于上方来水；可利用上方来水和坡度对崩积体坡面产沙量及含沙量进行较好地预测。
- Abstract:
- The colluvial deposits is an important part of Benggang, which has the characteristics of loose texture, high content of coarse particle, large slope gradient and high erosivity. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of the colluvial deposits under different simulated upslope runoff and slope gradient conditions. Upslope runoff ranged from 3.6 to 14.4 L/min and slope gradient varied from 20°to 40°. Sediment yield and sediment concentration were monitored. Results indicated that the processes of sediment yield in colluvial deposits could be divided into three stages: gradual increase, fluctuation and stablility; the changes of sediment concentration with time had smooth and multimodal types. Under the slope gradient(20°, 25° and 30°), the flow of colluvial deposits belonged to the low sediment flow, while it would be the high sediment flow under the slope gradient (35° and 40°). Upslope runoff has greater effect on sediment yield than slope gradient, while it has smaller influence on sediment concentration than slope gradient. Sediment yield and sediment concentration can be well predicted by using upslope runoff and slope gradient.
参考文献/References:
[1] 阮伏水.福建省崩岗侵蚀与治理模式探讨[J].山地学报,2003,1(6):675-680.
[2] 蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.崩岗崩积体土壤渗透特性分析[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(3):49-54.
[3] 蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.坡面水流分离崩岗崩积体土壤的动力学特征[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(1):86-89,229.
[4] Fox D M,Bryan R B.The relationship of soil loss by interrill erosion to slope gradient[J].Catena,2000,38(3):211-222.
[5] 张乐涛,高照良,李永红,等.模拟径流条件下工程堆积体陡坡土壤侵蚀过程[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(8):145-153.
[6] 郑粉莉,高学田.黄土坡面土壤侵蚀过程与模拟[M].西安:陕西人民出版社,2000.
[7] Fu S, Liu B, Liu H,et al.The effect of slope on interrill erosion at short slopes[J].Catena,2011,84(1):29-34.
[8] Nash J E,Sutcliffe J V.River flow forecasting through conceptual models. part I:A discussion of principles[J].Journal of hydrology,1970,10(3):282-290.
[9] 李宏伟,王文龙,王贞,等.神东煤田原地面侵蚀产沙规律野外降雨试验[J].中国农业大学学报,2013,18(2):195-201.
[10] 于国强,李占斌,李霞,等.野外模拟降雨条件下径流侵蚀产沙试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(4):10-14.
[11] 罗斌,陈强,黄少强.南方花岗岩地区坡面侵蚀临界坡度探讨[J].土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报,1999,5(6):67-70.
[12] 钱宁.高含沙水流运动[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1989.
[13] 田凯,姚文艺,李小青.坡面沟道水力侵蚀及黄土坡沟耦合系统径流输沙能力试验研究[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2010.
[14] 雷廷武,张晴雯,闫丽娟.细沟侵蚀物理模型[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[15] 刘力.紫色土和黄土坡耕地土壤侵蚀过程对比研究[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2006.
相似文献/References:
[1]李旭义,查轩,陈世发.崩岗侵蚀治理范式结构与功能研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(01):93.
LI Xu-yi,ZHA Xuan,CHEN Shi-fa.Research on the Structure and Function of Erosive Control Paradigm of Slump Gully[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(02):93.
[2]林敬兰,陈志明,黄炎和,等.安溪县崩岗侵蚀空间分布特征探讨[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(06):63.
LIN Jing-lan,CHEN Zhi-ming,HUANG Yan-he,et al.Study on the Charactistics of Spatial Distribution of Slope Disintegration Erosion in Anxi County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(02):63.
[3]林敬兰,黄炎和.崩岗侵蚀的成因机理研究与问题[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(02):41.
LIN Jing-lan,HUANG Yan-he.Review of Study on Formation Mechanism of Slope Disintegration Erosion and Its Problems[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(02):41.
[4]周红艺,李辉霞,叶奇,等.华南活动崩岗崩壁土体裂隙发育规律试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(01):338.
ZHOU Hongyi,LI Huixia,YE Qi,et al.Simulation of Morphological Development of Soil Cracks in the Collapsing Hill Region of Southern China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(02):338.
[5]朱慧鑫,邓羽松,丁树文.鄂东南花岗岩区节理对崩岗发育的影响[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(03):347.
ZHU Huixin,DENG Yusong,DING Shu wen.Impact of Joints of Rock on the Development of Collapse Hills in Southeast of Hubei Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(02):347.
[6]邓羽松,丁树文,蒋代华,等.苍梧县崩岗洪积扇不同培肥模式土壤肥力特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(01):56.
DENG Yusong,DING Shuwen,JIANG Daihua,et al.Soil Fertility Characteristics of Different Fertilization Patterns in Collapsed Gully Alluvial Fan in Cangwu County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(02):56.
[7]张兆福,黄炎和,林金石,等.PAM特性对花岗岩崩岗崩积体径流及产沙的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(03):1.
ZHANG Zhao-fu,HUANG Yan-he,LIN Jin-shi,et al.Effects of PAM Characteristics on Runoff and Erosion of Colluvial Deposits in Benggang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(02):1.
[8]张燕,黄炎和,林金石,等.崩岗不同土层渗透差异及其影响因素研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(03):37.
ZHANG Yan,HUANG Yan-he,LIN Jin-shi,et al.Study on Permeability Discrepance and Influence Factors of Different Soil Layers in Collapsing Hill[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(02):37.
[9]庄雅婷,黄炎和,林金石,等.崩岗红土层土壤液塑限特性及影响因素研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(03):208.
ZHUANG Ya-ting,HUANG Yan-he,LIN Jin-shi,et al.Study on Liquid Limit and Plastic Limit Characteristics and Factors of Benggang in Red Soil Layer[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(02):208.
[10]冯春杰,邓羽松,何溢钧,等.基于主成分-聚类分析的崩岗侵蚀强度评价[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(01):41.
FENG Chunjie,DENG Yusong,HE Yijun,et al.Evaluation of Collapse Erosion Intensity Based on Principal Component and Cluster Analysis[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(02):41.
[11]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.坡度和雨强对花岗岩崩岗崩积体细沟侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(01):1.
JIANG Fang-shi,HUANG Yan-he,LIN Jin-shi,et al.Effects of Different Rainfall Intensities and Slope Gradients on Rill Erosion of Coluvial Deposits in Granite Benggang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(02):1.
[12]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.花岗岩崩岗崩积体颗粒组成及分形特征[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(06):175.
JIANG Fang-shi,HUANG Yan-he,LIN Jin-shi,et al.Soil Particle Size Distribution and Fractal Dimensions of Colluvial Deposits in Granite Benggang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(02):175.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2014-01-09;改回日期:2014-01-25。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（41001169，40671113）；国家科技支撑项目（2014BAD15B03）
作者简介:赵淦(1988-),男,河南荥阳人,硕士生,研究方向:土壤侵蚀与治理。E-mail:774036320@163.com
通讯作者:黄炎和(1962-),男,广东饶平人,博士,教授,研究方向:土壤侵蚀。E-mail:yanhehuang@163.com