ZHOU Hongyi,LI Huixia,YE Qi,et al.Simulation of Morphological Development of Soil Cracks in the Collapsing Hill Region of Southern China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(01):338-342.
华南活动崩岗崩壁土体裂隙发育规律试验研究
- Title:
- Simulation of Morphological Development of Soil Cracks in the Collapsing Hill Region of Southern China
- Keywords:
- granite red soil region of Southern China; collapsing hill; soil cracks; simulation experiment
- 分类号:
- S152.7
- 摘要:
- 为了研究崩壁裂隙发育对崩壁稳定性的影响，试验采集了广东德庆崩岗侵蚀区的崩壁不同部位土样，对其进行脱湿作用下的裂隙发育演变规律室内试验研究，试验中采用烘干法模拟脱湿过程，在脱湿过程中，定时定位对土样进行称重、拍照，以记录裂隙发育情况，利用ArcGIS软件对裂隙照片进行矢量化处理，提取裂隙的各种几何要素，进行裂隙度计算来分析裂隙发育情况。结果表明：不同部位土体裂隙发育程度达到相对稳定时的土壤含水量和时间不同，其中崩壁顶部（B1）土体最先产生裂隙和达到稳定状态，其次是中部（B2），最后是下部（B3）；不同崩壁土体的裂隙面积密度、长度密度和连通性指数都随着含水率的减少而增大，达到最大值之后保持稳定，变化趋势一致。正是由于崩壁土体裂隙的发育程度不一，在到达稳定的时间和含水量的不同，从而导致崩壁土体各部位受力不均，土体强度产生差异，从而最终导致在雨季崩壁失稳而发生崩岗。
- Abstract:
- The collapsing hill is a specific form of soil erosion in the granite red soil region of South China，especially in Guangdong Province.It is one of the most important indications of serious soil erosion. We reported regular changes on surface morphology of soil cracks with decreasing water in three different parts of soil body, the top of collapsing wall (B1), the middle of collapsing wall (B2), the bottom of collapsing wall (B3) through simulation experiments. In this study, we took overhead photos of the sample frame using a digital camera. The images were further processed by ArcGIS to quantificationally analyze the statistical law of crack morphology. Meanwhile, a dynamic description method based on normal distribution was proposed to depict the morphology of shrinkage cracks on soil surface. It showed that crack area density, length density, and connectivity index all increased with decrease of moisture content and remained stable after reaching their maximums, but the time to reach their maximums and the soil moisture after reaching their maximums varied in different parts of soil body. Cracks were first developed in B1 speciment, and then in B2, and finally in B3, and the same order was found in reaching their stability. Crack area density of B1 specimen was the biggest compared with those of B2 and B3 specimen throughout the drying process. The difference in crack development, the time to reach stability, and soil moisture content will result in uneven load-carrying in different parts of soil body in collapsing wall, and finally result in collapsing hill in rainy season.
参考文献/References:
[1] 周红艺,李辉霞.华南花岗岩风化壳裂隙发育对崩岗侵蚀的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2014,42(10):352-354.
[2] 李思平.崩岗形成的岩土特性及其防治对策的研究[J].水土保持学报,1992,6(3):29-35.
[3] 吴志峰,王继增.华南花岗岩风化壳岩土特性与崩岗侵蚀关系[J].水土保持学报,2000,14(2):31-35.
[4] 张家俊,龚壁卫,胡波,等.干湿循环作用下膨胀土裂隙演化规律试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(9):2729-2734.
[5] 易顺民,黎志恒,张延中.膨胀土裂隙结构的分形特征及其意义[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(3):38-42.
[6] 袁俊平,殷宗泽,包承纲.膨胀土裂隙的量化手段与度量指标研究[J].长江科学院院报,2003,20(6):27-30.
[7] 张展羽,朱文渊,朱成立,等.农田土壤表面干缩裂缝的随机分布统计特征[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(16):119-124.
[8] 熊东红,杨丹,李佳佳,等.元谋干热河谷区退化坡地土壤裂隙形态发育的影响因子[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(1):102-108.
[9] 唐朝生,施斌,刘春,等.影响黏性土表面干缩裂缝结构形态的因素及定量分析[J].水利学报,2007,38(10):1186-1193.
[10] Xiong Donghong, Lu Xiaoning, Xian Jishen, et al. Selection of judging indicators for surface morphology of soil crack under different development degrees in Yuanmou arid-hot valley region[J]. Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences,2008,13(3):363-368.
[11] Vogel H J, Hoffmann H, Roth K. Studies of crack dynamics in clay soil:I. Experimental methods, results, and morphological quantification[J]. Geoderma,2005,125(3/4):203-211.
[12] Young I M, Crawford J W. The analysis of fracture profiles of soil using fractal geometry[J]. Australian Journal of Soil Research,1992,30(3):291-295.
[13] Baer J U, Kent T F, Anderson S H. Image analysis and fractal geometry to characterize soil desiccation cracks[J]. Geoderma,2009,154(1/2):153-163.
[14] 刘春,王宝军,施斌,等.基于数字图像识别的岩土体裂隙形态参数分析方法[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(9):1383-1388.
相似文献/References:
[1]李旭义,查轩,陈世发.崩岗侵蚀治理范式结构与功能研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(01):93.
LI Xu-yi,ZHA Xuan,CHEN Shi-fa.Research on the Structure and Function of Erosive Control Paradigm of Slump Gully[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(01):93.
[2]林敬兰,陈志明,黄炎和,等.安溪县崩岗侵蚀空间分布特征探讨[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(06):63.
LIN Jing-lan,CHEN Zhi-ming,HUANG Yan-he,et al.Study on the Charactistics of Spatial Distribution of Slope Disintegration Erosion in Anxi County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(01):63.
[3]林敬兰,黄炎和.崩岗侵蚀的成因机理研究与问题[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(02):41.
LIN Jing-lan,HUANG Yan-he.Review of Study on Formation Mechanism of Slope Disintegration Erosion and Its Problems[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(01):41.
[4]朱慧鑫,邓羽松,丁树文.鄂东南花岗岩区节理对崩岗发育的影响[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(03):347.
ZHU Huixin,DENG Yusong,DING Shu wen.Impact of Joints of Rock on the Development of Collapse Hills in Southeast of Hubei Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(01):347.
[5]邓羽松,丁树文,蒋代华,等.苍梧县崩岗洪积扇不同培肥模式土壤肥力特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(01):56.
DENG Yusong,DING Shuwen,JIANG Daihua,et al.Soil Fertility Characteristics of Different Fertilization Patterns in Collapsed Gully Alluvial Fan in Cangwu County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2015,22(01):56.
[6]赵淦,黄炎和,林金石,等.流量及坡度对崩岗崩积体侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(02):11.
ZHAO Gan,HUANG Yan-he,LIN Jin-shi,et al.Effect of Discharge and Slope Gradient on Colluvial Deposits Erosion in Benggang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(01):11.
[7]张燕,黄炎和,林金石,等.崩岗不同土层渗透差异及其影响因素研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(03):37.
ZHANG Yan,HUANG Yan-he,LIN Jin-shi,et al.Study on Permeability Discrepance and Influence Factors of Different Soil Layers in Collapsing Hill[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(01):37.
[8]庄雅婷,黄炎和,林金石,等.崩岗红土层土壤液塑限特性及影响因素研究[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(03):208.
ZHUANG Ya-ting,HUANG Yan-he,LIN Jin-shi,et al.Study on Liquid Limit and Plastic Limit Characteristics and Factors of Benggang in Red Soil Layer[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(01):208.
[9]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.坡度和雨强对花岗岩崩岗崩积体细沟侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(01):1.
JIANG Fang-shi,HUANG Yan-he,LIN Jin-shi,et al.Effects of Different Rainfall Intensities and Slope Gradients on Rill Erosion of Coluvial Deposits in Granite Benggang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(01):1.
[10]蒋芳市,黄炎和,林金石,等.花岗岩崩岗崩积体颗粒组成及分形特征[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(06):175.
JIANG Fang-shi,HUANG Yan-he,LIN Jin-shi,et al.Soil Particle Size Distribution and Fractal Dimensions of Colluvial Deposits in Granite Benggang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2014,21(01):175.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-09-07;改回日期:2015-09-15。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金“华南花岗岩红壤区崩壁裂隙发育对崩壁稳定性的影响”（41371041）；国家自然科学基金青年项目（41401108）；教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金（13YJAZH041）
作者简介:周红艺(1977-),男,湖北利川人,博士,副教授,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail:zhouhyfs@163.com