HAO Yong-juan,Tursun·Kasim,YANG Jia-jun,et al.Study on the Influence of the Downstream Runoff Change of the Tarim Rriver on Desertification[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2013,20(06):145-150,157.
塔里木河径流量变化对下游沙漠化的影响研究
- Title:
- Study on the Influence of the Downstream Runoff Change of the Tarim Rriver on Desertification
- Keywords:
- lower reaches of Tarim River; desertification; runoff change
- 分类号:
- P339
- 摘要:
- 结合塔里木河流域近50多年来的水文、气象及遥感等资料，采用数理统计方法分析了塔里木河径流量变化对下游地区沙漠化的影响。结果表明，自20世纪50年代以来，由于人类活动的干扰和塔里木河不同河段水资源分布的不均匀，使塔里木河下游的径流量在不断的减少，导致下游河段断流，湖泊干涸，并对下游地区的地下水位、植被、沙尘暴及大风天气、沙漠化程度都产生了负面影响。而且河流径流量、地下水位、植被、沙漠化之间是相互影响，相互制约的，存在着内在的联系，在整个生态系统中牵一发而动全身，尤其是在生态环境脆弱的干旱、半干旱区。因此，在对水、土等资源的利用过程中，要注重整体效益。
- Abstract:
- Based on data of thydrology, meteorology and remote sensing informatio in Tarim river basin for nearly 50 years, statistics methods were used to analyze the effect of runoff change on desertification region downstream of the Tarim river. The results show that since 1950s, due to the interference of human activities and the different of the Tarim river water resources uneven distribution, reduction of water consumption in the Tarim river downstream led to the downstream river cutoff, lakes dry up, and negatively affected underground water level of downstream, vegetation degree of desertification, dust storms and strong wind weather. These factors are mutually influenced, mutually constrained. There are internal relations among these factors, which has the extremely important link in the entire ecosystem, especially in the fragile ecological environment in the arid and semi arid areas. Therefore, attention should be paid to the overall efficiency in the using process of resources such as water and soil.
参考文献/References:
[1] Abubabar S M. Monitoring land degradation in the semiarid tropics llsing an inferential approach:The Kabomo Basin case StUdy,Nigeria[J].Land Degradation and Development,1997,8:311-323.
[2] 韩桂红,吐尔逊·哈斯木,石丽.塔里木河下游土地沙漠化及其原因探讨[J].中国沙漠,2008,28(2):217-222.
[3] 杨青,何清.塔里木河流域的气候变化、径流量及人类活动间的相互影响[J].应用气象学报,2003,14(3):309-321.
[4] 杨家军,吐尔逊·哈斯木,阿迪力·吐尔干,等.近50年来塔里木河流域水域环境恶化现状及驱动力分析[J].水土保持研究,2013,20(1):76-81.
[5] 王顺德,王彦国,王进,等.塔里木河流域近40 a来气候、水文变化及其影响[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(3):316-320.
[6] 陈亚宁,徐长春,郝兴明,等.新疆塔里木河流域近50a气候变化及其对径流的影响[J].冰川冻土,2008,30(6):911-929.
[7] 木沙·如孜,白云岗,雷晓云,等.塔里木河流域气候及径流变化特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(6):122-126.
[8] 宋郁东,樊自立,雷志栋,等.中国塔里木河流域水资源生态问题研究[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社,2000.
[9] 陈亚宁.新疆塔里木河流域生态水文问题研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[10] 徐海亮,叶茂,宋郁东,等.塔里木河流域水资源变化的特点与趋势[J].地理学报,2005,60(3):487-494.
[11] 郝兴明,陈亚宁,李卫红.塔里木河流域近50年来生态环境变化的驱动力分析[J].地理学报,2006,(3):263-272.
[12] 傅丽昕,陈亚宁,李卫红,等. 塔里木河源流区近50a径流量与气候变化关系研究[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(1):205-209.
[13] 阿不都热合曼·哈力克,卞正富.新疆车尔臣河流域地下水的可持续开发利用研究[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(5):257-266.
[14] 吴素芬,韩萍,李燕,等.塔里木河源流水资源变化趋势预测[J].冰川冻土,2003,25(6):708-711.
[15] 曼苏尔·沙比提,努尔卡木里·玉素甫.塔里木河流域绿洲耕地变化及其河流水文效应[J].地理研究,2010,29(12):2252-2260.
[16] 邓铭江.塔里木河流域径流与耗水变化及其综合治理对策研究[J].干旱区地理,2008,31(4):550-559.
[17] 吐尔逊·哈斯木,曼尼萨汗·吐尔隼,阿依先木·司马义.塔里木河流域水资源利用对干流土地沙漠化的影响分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2010,24(8):58-62.
[18] 徐海亮,宋郁东,陈亚宁.塔里木河下游生态输水后地下水位变化规律研究[J].水科学进展,2004,15(2):224-232.
[19] 郭忠升,李耀林.植被生长与土壤水关系调控起始期[J].生态学报,2009,29(10):5721-5723.
[20] 韩路,王海珍,曹新川.塔里木河流域土地荒漠化的现状、成因及防治对策[J].干旱区资源与环境,2001,15(2):16-21.
[21] 李红军,杨兴华,王敏仲,等.塔里木河流域沙尘暴变化的多尺度特征研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2012,26(10):77-83.
[22] 刘晏良.塔里木河中下游实地踏勘报告[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2000.
[23] 许有鹏,杨戊,周寅康,等.塔里木盆地水资源开发与环境保护分析[J].干旱区研究,2002,19(1):7-11.
[24] 阿依先木·司马义,吐尔逊·哈斯木,曼尼萨汗·吐尔隼,等.人类活动对土地沙漠化的影响研究:以塔里木河下游为例[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(1):56-60.
[25] 童玉芬,吴彩仙,王渤元.新疆塔里木河流域人口增长、水资源与沙漠化的关系[J].人口学刊,2006(1):37-40.
[26] 王让会,宋郁东,樊自立,等.3S技术在新疆塔里木河下游生态环境动态研究中的应用[J].南京林业大学学报,2000,7(4):59-63.
[27] 毛炜峰,高前兆,秦莉,等.塔里木河干流输水运行对河流生态功效的分析[J].干旱区地理,2008,31(4):604-614.
相似文献/References:
[1]胡春元,桂呈森,闫琳,等.沙漠化本质原因分析及防治策略探讨[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(03):130.
HU Chunyuan,GUI Chengsen,YAN Lin,et al.Discussion on the Causes of Desertification Process and Countermeasures[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(06):130.
[2]苏志珠,董光荣.中国土地沙漠化研究现状及问题讨论[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(03):133.
SU Zhizhu,DONG Guangrong.Discussion on the Present Situation of Land Desertification in China[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(06):133.
[3]朱志玲,曹萍.宁夏土地资源可持续利用研究[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(03):194.
ZHU Zhiling,CAO Ping.Study on Sustainable Use of Soil Resources in Ningxia Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(06):194.
[4]李新坡.现代沙漠化的影响因素及研究意义浅析[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(03):140.
LI Xin-po.Analysis of Factors to Desertification and It’s Significance[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2003,10(06):140.
[5]刘新平,张铜会,赵哈林,等.干旱半干旱区沙漠化土地水分动态研究进展[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(01):63.
LIU Xin-ping,ZHANG Tong-hui,ZHAO Ha-lin,et al.Research Advances on Moisture Dynamic of Desertified Lands in Arid and Semi-arid Regions[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(06):63.
[6]邸利,傅志蛾,孙鹏举.古浪县沙化土地监测及治理对策研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(05):172.
DI Li,FU Zhi-e,SUN Peng-ju.The Research of Investigation,Monitoring and Control Measures on Desertification in Gulang County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(06):172.
[7]郭坚,王涛,薛娴,等.毛乌素沙地荒漠化现状及分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(03):198.
GUO Jian,WANG Tao,XUE Xian,et al.The Status and Distribution of Desertification in Maowusu Sandy Land[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(06):198.
[8]齐善忠,罗芳,王涛.人为因素在沙漠化过程中作用程度的定量化研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(04):4.
QI Shan-zhong,LUO Fang,WANG Tao.Quantitative Analysis on Impacts by Man-made Factors During the Process of Sandy Desertification[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(06):4.
[9]万勤琴,朴起亨,丁国栋,等.呼伦贝尔沙地草场沙漠化成因分析[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(04):263.
WAN Qin-qin,PU Qi-heng,DING Guo-dong,et al.Analysis on the Reason of Sandy Desertification in Hulunber Steppe[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(06):263.
[10]张力小.中国北方农牧交错带农牧业选择适宜性分析——以科尔沁沙地为例[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(05):46.
ZHANG Li-xiao.Study on Suitability for Transition between Cultivation and Pastoralism in Agro-pastoral Interweaving Belt of Northern China——A Case of Kerqin Sandy Land[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(06):46.
[11]阿依先木·司马义,吐尔逊·哈斯木,祖木拉提·伊布拉音,等.人类活动对土地沙漠化的影响研究——以塔里木河下游为例[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(01):56.
Ayxam·Ismayil,Tursun·Qasim,Zumrat·Ibrayim,et al.Influences of Human Activities on the Desertification in the Lower Reaches of Tarim River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(06):56.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2013-04-16;改回日期:2013-05-16。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目（41061047，40561013）；国家国际科技合作项目（2010DFA92720-12）；新疆大学“绿洲生态自治区（教育部省部共建）重点实验室”开放课题（XJDX0201-2009-10）
作者简介:郝永娟(1989-),女,陕西延安人,在读研究生,主要从事干旱区资源与环境研究。E-mail:hyongjuan2008@163.com
通讯作者:吐尔逊·哈斯木(1961-),男(维吾尔族),新疆轮台人,教授,硕士生导师,主要研究方向为干旱区地貌与环境。E-mail:Tursun_kasim120@yahoo.com.cn