LIU Yan,LI Yang,ZHANG Pu.Correlation Analysis on Snow-Climate Factors and Its Effects on Snowmelt Runoff in Manasi River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(02):145-149.
玛纳斯河流域融雪径流与积雪-气象因子分析
- Title:
- Correlation Analysis on Snow-Climate Factors and Its Effects on Snowmelt Runoff in Manasi River Basin
- Keywords:
- satellite; Mansi river basin; snow melt runoff; snow; temperature; precipitation; classified zone
- 分类号:
- P331
- 摘要:
- 利用雪盖、径流、气象因子数据分析了玛纳斯河流域融雪径流特征及其与积雪-气温-降雨的关系。根据地形、植被和积雪分布特征建立了流域分带体系。以2000-2008年3-6月8日合成MODIS积雪产品（MOD10A2）为基础，插值获取流域分带日均积雪面积数据。根据天山山区气温-降雨的垂直地带性特征，以肯斯瓦特水文站1995-2008年逐日气温、降水数据为数据源，应用DEM递推获取流域分带日均气温、降水数据。定性分析了流域各带气温、降雨和积雪分布特征及其定量相关关系。同时，分析了流域积雪面积和径流的定量关系。结果表明：①低山荒漠草原带3月22号前后，云杉林带4月11号前后，高山高寒草甸带5月14号前后，高山冰雪带6月12号前后气温持续在零度以上；②降水年内分配不均，降水主要集中在夏季，占年降水量的43.39% ，春季占28.14% ，秋冬季降雨偏少，分别为13.04%和15.24%；③各带积雪面积和气温相关性很高，3-6月各带气温逐渐升高，积雪逐渐融化，除高山冰雪带不完全消融外其余分带积雪在此期间全部消融；高山高寒草甸带和高山冰雪带积雪面积和气温呈线性相关；④流域总的积雪面积和径流散点图显示出很好的幂指数相关；不同年，积雪面积与径流关系呈规律性变化。
- Abstract:
- In this paper, we analyzed the relations and characters of runoff, snow, temperature and precipitation in Manasi river basin. Based on the distribution of landform, vegetation and snow cover, we found the system of the classified zone for the study basin. By using the data of 8-day MOD10A2, one production of MODIS, daily snow cover data were computed by the way of interpolation. Meanwhile, based on the character of vertical terrain in Tianshan Mountain, we used the DEM to get daily temperature and precipitation datum of each zone. Qualitative and quantitative analysis was made within the zone temperature, precipitation and snow cover area. And we also made quantitative analysis between snow cover area in the whole basin and runoff. Hungriness and plain in low elevation appears continuous positive temperature on March 22. Spruce and forest zone does on April 11. Cold meadow in high mountain does on May 14. Ice-snow zone does on June 12. The annual distribution of precipitation is very inequality. It mainly falls in summer and accounts for 43.39% of the yearly whole precipitation amount. There is separately 28.14%,13.04% and 15.24% in spring, autumn and winter. There was high correlation between snow cover area and temperature in every zone of the basin. With the temperature gradually increasing from March to June, snow began to melt. Except the ice-snow zone, snow in the other three zones entirely melted in the period. At the same time, snow and temperature had a linear correlation in cold meadow and ice-snow zones. The scatter dot between snow area of the whole basin and runoff showed that they had a good exponential correlation. In different years, there was a disciplinary change between snow cover area and runoff in the study area.
参考文献/References:
[1] 刘占静.2003年玛纳斯河汛期水情特征及其成因[J].水土保持研究, 2004, 11(4):198-199.
[2] 唐湘玲, 龙海丽, 邢永建.玛纳斯河流域降水与径流变化及其人类活动的影响[J].新疆师范大学学报:自然科学版, 2005, 24(3):145-152.
[3] 徐素宁, 杨景春, 李有利.近50 a来玛纳斯河流量变化及对气候变化的响应[J].地理与地理信息科学, 2004, 20(6):65-68.
[4] 曾霞, 吕建辉, 施文军.玛纳斯河流域的径流与洪水特征分析[J].石河子大学学报:自然科学版, 2006, 24(3):343-349.
[5] 党新成, 李新贤, 高建.玛纳斯河流域水文与环境特征分析[J].水文, 2006, 26(5):89-90.
[6] 南峰, 李有利, 史兴民.新疆玛纳斯河水量波动与气候变化之间的关系[J].水土保持研究, 2003, 10(3):59-61.
[7] 刘爱霞, 王静, 吕春艳.基于MODIS数据的北京西北部地区土地覆盖分类研究[J].地理科学进展, 2006, 25(2):96-101.
[8] 刘爱霞, 王长耀, 王静, 等.基于MODIS和NOAA/AVHRR的荒漠化遥感监测方法[J].农业工程学报, 2007, 23(10):145-150.
[9] 李谢辉, 塔西甫拉提·特依拜.绿洲荒漠过渡带生态环境变化预警线提取与分析研究:以新疆和田绿洲为例[J].中国沙漠, 2008, 28(1):77-82.
[10] 刘闯, 葛成辉.美国对地观测系统(EOS)中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)遥感数据的特点与应用[J].遥感信息, 2000(3):45-48.
[11] 袁雷, 李春娥, 储少林, 等.冷季深入对AMSR-E监测内蒙古积雪的影响[J].草业科学, 2008, 25(8):26-30.
相似文献/References:
[1]钱蟒,史兴民,南峰.新疆克拉玛依市兴农湖剖面古沉积环境分析[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(04):96.
QIAN Mang,SHI Xing-min,NAN Feng.Analysis on the Sedimentary Environment of Xingnong Lake Section near Karamai City, Xinjiang[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(02):96.
[2]纪中奎,刘鸿雁.玛纳斯河流域近50年植被格局变化[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(04):132.
JI Zhong-kui,LIU Hong-yan.Changes of Vegetation Pattern in Manas River Basin over the Last 50 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(02):132.
[3]刘占静,刘李刚.浅析玛纳斯河流域水资源现存的问题与保护措施[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(04):137.
LIU Zhan-jing,LIU Li-gang.Analysis on Existing Problem of Water Resource of the Manas River Valley and Protective Measure[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(02):137.
[4]范文波,周宏飞,李俊峰.玛纳斯河流域生态需水量估算[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(06):242.
FAN Wen-bo,ZHOU Hong-fei,LI Jun-feng.The Composition of Ecological Water Requirement and Estimation of Ecological Water Demand of Manas River Valley[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2010,17(02):242.
[5]李俊峰,盛东,何新林.玛纳斯河流域污染排放总量控制规划研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(01):254.
LI Jun-feng,SHENG Dong,HE Xin-lin.Study on the Gross Control Plan of Pollutants Discharge of the Manas River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(02):254.
[6]王雅君,徐丽萍,郭鹏.玛河流域山区冰雪覆被变化与驱动因素的关联性分析[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(06):303.
WANG Yajun,XU Liping,GUO Peng.Snow Cover Change Driving Mechanism and Coping Strategies in Manas River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(02):303.
[7]张添佑,王玲,罗冲,等.玛纳斯河流域土壤盐渍化时空动态变化[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(01):228.
ZHANG Tianyou,WANG Ling,LUO Chong,et al.Spatiotemporal Change of Soil Salinization in Manasi River Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(02):228.
[8]韩蓉,唐湘玲.玛纳斯河流域近14年多尺度粒度变化对土地利用景观格局的影响[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(02):194.
HAN Rong,TANG Xiangling.Influence of Grain Size Change on Land Use Landscape Pattern in Manasi River Basin in Recent 14 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(02):194.
[9]彭丽,王玲,刘海隆,等.干旱区绿洲灌溉条件对土壤盐分分布的影响[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(03):112.
PENG Li,WANG Ling,LIU Hailong,et al.Effects of Irrigation Conditions on the Soil Salinization Distribution in the Oasis of Arid Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(02):112.
[10]梁二敏,张军民.新疆玛纳斯河流域景观格局变化的生态安全分析[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(03):170.
LIANG Ermin,ZHANG Junmin.Analysis of Ecological Security of Landscape Pattern in Manas River Watershed of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(02):170.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2009-9-24。
基金项目:科技部公益行业（气象）科研专项（GYHY200706008）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务项目（IDM200704；IDM200808）
作者简介:刘艳（1978- ），女，助理研究员，主要从事遥感在积雪、植被变化监测等方面的研究。E-mail：lyliuyan2003@163.com