YE Hai-ying,ZHAO Ting-ning,ZHAO Zhi-feng.The Litter Storage and Its Water Capacity Characteristics in Different Artificial Soil and Water Conservation Forest Stands of Hilly and Gully Regions on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(01):121-125,130.
半干旱黄土丘陵沟壑区几种不同人工水土保持林枯落物储量及持水特性研究
- Title:
- The Litter Storage and Its Water Capacity Characteristics in Different Artificial Soil and Water Conservation Forest Stands of Hilly and Gully Regions on the Loess Plateau
- Keywords:
- hilly and gully region on the Loess Plateau; soil and water conservation forset; the litter storage; water capacity characteristics
- 分类号:
- S727.22;S715
- 摘要:
- 通过对土桥沟流域SW33-SW75坡向的4种类型人工水土保持林（油松纯林、刺槐纯林、侧柏纯林、油松刺槐混交林）林下枯落物储量的调查结合室内持水试验，运用数理统计的方法分别得到4种林分林下枯落物的储量、最大储水量、吸水速率等水文特征参数。结果表明：①4种林分的单位面积枯落物蓄积量2.35～3.32 t/hm2，其由大到小的排列顺序为：油松林>油松刺槐混交林>侧柏林>刺槐林；②4种林分枯落物的最大持水量存在一定的差异。油松刺槐混交林、油松林、刺槐林、侧柏林的枯落物最大持水量分别相当于0.739，0.73，0.663，0.524 mm的降雨。这4种林分枯落物最大可吸收其自身重量2.11～2.90倍的降雨；③4种林分枯落物的未分解层和半分解层的持水量与时间呈线性相关，在浸水的前2 h内，吸水速度较快，随着时间的延长趋势逐渐变缓，当枯落物在水中浸泡8 h时，持水量基本上达到最大值；④枯落物未分解层和半分解层的吸水速率与时间之间存在一定的相关关系，在浸水的前0～2 h，吸水速率较快，4～6 h后下降速率逐渐减缓。
- Abstract:
- The hydrological character parameters of the litter storage,the maximum water holding capacity and water absorption speed of the litter on the forest land under four kinds of soil and water conservation forest(pure Pinus tabulaeformis forest,pure Robinia hisqida forest,pure Platycladus orientalis forest,mixed forest of Pinus tabulaeformis and Robinia hisqida)in Tuqiaogou basin were studied in this paper.The results showed:① The litter storage of the four kinds of forest ranges from 2.35 t/hm2 to 3.32 t/hm2.The sequence of the litter storage is pure Pinus tabulaeformis forest>mixed forest of Pinus tabulaeformis and Robinia hisqida>pure Platycladus orientalis forest>pure Robinia hisqida forest;②There are some differences in maximum water holding capacity of the four kinds of forest.The maximum water holding capacity of the mixed forest of Pinus tabulaeformis and Robinia hisqida is equivalent to the rainfall of 0.739 mm, pure Pinus tabulaeformis forest 0.73 mm, pure Robinia hisqida forest 0.663 mm, pure Platycladus orientalis forest 0.524 mm. The four kinds of forest litter can absorb the rainfall from 2.11 to 2.9 of their dry weight;③The relationship of four undecomposed litter and half-decomposed litter of water holding capacity and immersion time is that the water will be absorbed very quickly by the litter in the first 2 hours. But it will be slowed down and reach the peak after 8 hours. ④ The relational expression of the absorption rate and immersion time is that, between 0～2 h,litter absorb water speed very fast,drop the speed to slow down gradually after 4～6 h.
参考文献/References:
[1] 贲越, 周一杨, 李彧, 等.枯落物分解与土壤蓄水能力关系的研究[J].安徽农业科学, 2007, 35(5):1416-1418.
[2] 马雪华, 杨茂瑞.亚热带杉木、马尾松人工林水文功能的研究[J].林业科学, 2003, 39(3):199-206.
[3] Richard L, Granillo A B. Soil protection by natural vegetation on clear cut forest land in Arkansas[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 1985, 40(4):379-382.
[4] 张洪江, 程金花, 余新晓, 等.贡嘎山冷杉纯林枯落物储量及其持水特性[J].林业科学, 2003, 39(5):147-151.
[5] 刘向东, 吴钦孝, 赵鸿雁.黄土高原油松人工林枯枝落叶层水文生态功能研究[J].水土保持学报, 1991, 5(4):87-91.
[6] 赵鸿雁, 吴钦孝, 刘国彬.黄土高原人工油松林水文生态效应[J].生态学报, 2003, 23(2):376-379.
[7] 刘少冲, 段文标, 赵雨森.莲花湖库区几种主要林型枯落物层的持水性能[J].中国水土保持科学, 2005, 3(2):81-86.
[8] 罗跃初, 韩单恒, 王宏昌, 等.辽西半干旱区几种人工林生态系统涵养水源功能研究[J].应用生态学报, 2004, 15(6):921-922.
[9] 韩同吉.北方石质山区典型林分枯落物层涵蓄水分特征[J].山东农业大学学报:自然科学版, 2005, 36(2):275-278.
[10] 赵鸿雁, 吴钦孝, 刘国彬.黄土高原人工油松林枯枝落叶层的水土保持功能研究[J].林业科学, 2003, 39(1):168-172.
[11] 郝向春.灵空山主要森林类型枯落物生物量及持水性能[J].山西林业科技, 2000, 12(4):1-2.
[12] 张振明, 余新晓, 等.不同林分枯落物层的水文生态功能[J].水土保持学报, 2005, 19(3):139-143.
[13] 程金花, 张洪江, 史玉虎, 等.三峡库区三种林下地被物储水特性[J].应用生态学报, 2003, 14(11):1825-1828.
[14] 刘尚华, 冯朝阳, 吕世海, 等.京西百花山区6种植物群落凋落物持水性能研究[J].水土保持学报, 2007, 21(6):179-182.
[15] 张万儒, 许本彤.森林土壤定位研究方法[M].北京:中国林业出版社, 1986.
相似文献/References:
[1]苏嫄,焦菊英,马祥华.黄土丘陵沟壑区主要群落地上生物量季节变化及其与土壤水分的关系[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):7.
SU Yuan,JIAO Ju-ying,MA Xiang-hua.Seasonal Variation of Aboveground Biomass of Main Plant Communities and Its Relationship with Soil Moisture in the Hill-gully Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):7.
[2]王巧利,贾燕锋,王宁,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区自然恢复坡面植物根系的分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):16.
WANG Qiao-li,JIA Yan-feng,WANG Ning,et al.Distribution of Root on Vegetation Recovery Slope in the Hilly and Gully Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):16.
[3]张瑞,曹华,王云强,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域土壤水分空间变异性及其影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):52.
ZHANG Rui,CAO Hua,WANG Yun-qiang,et al.Spatial Variability of Soil Moisture and Its Influence Factors in Watershed of Gully Region on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):52.
[4]邝高明,朱清科,刘中奇,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区微地形对土壤水分及生物量的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):74.
KUANG Gao-ming,ZHU Qing-ke,LIU Zhong-qi,et al.Effect of Microrelief on the Soil Water and Vegetation Arrangement in Loess Hilly and Gully Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(01):74.
[5]王占礼,邵明安.黄土丘陵沟壑区第二副区山坡地土壤侵蚀特征研究[J].水土保持研究,1998,5(04):11.
Wang Zhanli,Shao Mingan.Soil Erosion Characters of Slope Land in the 2nd Sub-region of Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1998,5(01):11.
[6]张兴昌.黄土丘陵沟壑区水平沟耕作效益研究[J].水土保持研究,1998,5(04):52.
Zhang Xingchang.The Benefit of Level Trench Tillage in Hilly-gully Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,1998,5(01):52.
[7]李忠武,蔡强国,唐政洪,等.晋西黄土丘陵沟壑区作物生产力影响因子研究——以王家沟流域为例[J].水土保持研究,2001,8(04):70.
LI Zhong-wu,CAI Qiang-guo,TANG Zheng-hong,et al.Analysis of Affecting Factors on Crop Production in Hilly Loess Region——Taking Wangjiagou Watershed as an Example[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2001,8(01):70.
[8]张维江,孙保平,郭文锋,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区小流域治沟骨干工程淤积量预报模型探讨[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(01):107.
ZHANG Wei-jiang,SUN Bao-ping,GUO Wen-feng,et al.Approach to the Sediments Prediction Model of Check Dam in Loess Hilly-gully Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(01):107.
[9]李旭霖,张复明,郝晋.黄土丘陵沟壑区生态环境建设探讨[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(03):146.
LI Xulin,ZHANG Fuming,HAO Jinmin.Research on Building Eco-environment in Loess Hilly-gully Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(01):146.
[10]马祥华,焦菊英,温仲明,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区退耕地土壤速效N的分布特征及其与物种多样性的关系[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(01):13.
MA Xiang-hua,JIAO Ju-ying,WEN Zhong-ming,et al.Distribution Characteristics of Soil Available Nitrogen and Its Correlation with Plant Species Diversity in Abandoned Lands in Hilly and Gully Regions on the Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2005,12(01):13.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2008-7-24。
基金项目:“十一五”国家科技支撑项目（2006BAD03A1201）
作者简介:叶海英（1982- ），女，陕西岚皋人，在读硕士，主要研究方向：工程绿化。E-mail：cassieye@163.com
通讯作者:赵廷宁（1962- ），男，河北阳原人，教授，博士生导师，主要研究方向：工程绿化。E-mail：zhtning@bjfu.edu.cn