[1]魏翔,李占斌.土壤侵蚀对生态系统的影响[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(01):245-247,264.
　WEI Xiang,LI Zhan-bin.The Effect of Soil Erosion on the Ecosystem[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(01):245-247,264.
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土壤侵蚀对生态系统的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 13 期数: 2006年01期 页码: 245-247,264 栏目: 出版日期: 1900-01-01
Title:
The Effect of Soil Erosion on the Ecosystem
作者:
魏翔1,3, 李占斌1,2
1. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室 陕西 杨陵 712100;
2. 西安理工大学 西安 710000;
3. 安徽工程科技学院 芜湖 241000
Author(s):
WEI Xiang1,3, LI Zhan-bin1,2
1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100;
2. Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710000, China;
3. Anhui University of Technology and Science, Wuhu 241000
关键词:
土壤侵蚀; 农业; 养分; 水分
Keywords:
soil erosion; agriculture; nutrients; water
分类号:
S157
摘要:
每年在世界陆地生态系统中大约有750亿t的土壤被侵蚀掉。农用地土壤流失速率在13~40 t/（hm2·a）之间，因为土壤形成非常缓慢，这就意味着土壤流失速率是更新速率的13~40倍。降雨和风力是耕地或裸地的两个主要侵蚀营力，当土壤缺乏植被覆盖保护时侵蚀就发生了。土壤侵蚀造成水分、养分、土壤有机质、生物区系、土壤厚度等的流失或减少因而使土地生产力降低。土壤侵蚀加剧了由于人口的快速增长而带来的食物短缺问题的威胁。于是人们便开垦森林以弥补荒废的侵蚀农用地的损失。
Abstract:
Each year,about 75 billion tons of soil are eroded from the world’s terrestrial ecosystems.Most agricultural land in the world is losing soil at rates 13～40 t/(hm2·a) .Because soil is formed very slowly,this means that soil is being lost(13～40) times faster than the rate of renewal and sustainability.Rain and wind energy are the two prime causes of erosion from tilled or bare land.Erosion occurs when the soil lacks protective vegetative cover.Soil erosion reduces the productivity of the land by loss of water,soil organic matter,nutrients,biota,and depth of soil.The greatest threat to providing food for a rapidly growing human population is soil erosion.Abandoned,eroded agricultural land is replaced by clearing forested ecosystems.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2005-7-12;
基金项目:中科院知识创新工程项目：西部生态环境演变规律与水土资源可持续利用研究（编号：KZCX1-10-04）
作者简介:魏翔（1970- ），男，博士，主要从事生态环境与土壤侵蚀方面的研究.

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01