PDF Download HTML

]" id="html" rel="external">HTML

[1]FENG Qian,ZHAN Xiaoyun,GUO Minghang,et al.Analysis of Raindrop Characteristics of Natural Rainfall in Southern Shaanxi Based on Particle Imaging Technology[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2021,28(04):97-104.

Copy

Analysis of Raindrop Characteristics of Natural Rainfall in Southern Shaanxi Based on Particle Imaging Technology

Research of Soil and Water Conservation[ISSN 1005-3409/CN 61-1272/P] Volume: 28 Number of periods: 2021 04 Page number: 97-104 Column: Public date: 2021-08-10

Title:: Analysis of Raindrop Characteristics of Natural Rainfall in Southern Shaanxi Based on Particle Imaging Technology

Author(s):: FENG Qian¹, ZHAN Xiaoyun^1,2, GUO Minghang^1,2, ZHAO Jun^1,2, LIU Baoyuan^1,2; (1.State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; 2.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS&MWR, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China)

Keywords:: raindrop diameter; raindrop terminal velocity; the number concentration of raindrop; rainfall intensity

CLC:: P426.62;S157

DOI:: -

Abstract:: In order to study the raindrop characteristics of natural rainfall in southern Shaanxi, in-situ measurement for raindrop characteristics of natural precipitation was conducted in Ningqiang County, Shaanxi Province using a self-developed particle imaging transient measurement instrument. The results show that raindrop diameter, terminal velocity and the number concentration of raindrop are, on average, 1.08 mm, 3.92 m/s and 141.63 Pcs/m³, respectively. Additionally, it can be found that 67.22% of the total number concentration of raindrop is characterized by raindrop diameter less than 1 mm. The largest contribution to rainfall intensity is the raindrops with diameters of 1～2 mm, accounting for 59.31%. For all types of rainfall, the measured raindrop spectrums exhibit the single peaks, which is in good agreement with M-P distribution. Specifically, the spectrum width of heavy rain or above is the widest, followed by the moderate rain and then the light rain. The rainfall intensity decreases gradually, which varies from 0.11 mm/h to 10.95 mm/h. Moreover, there is a remarkable logarithmic relationship between raindrop diameter and terminal velocity, which is very similar to the results of the Atlas-Ulbrich curve. In summary, the number concentration of raindrop is smaller than that in the southern region of China, and raindrops with diameter of less than 2 mm are the main predominant contributor. The spectrum width increases with the increase of rainfall. Additionally, the size and number of raindrops codetermine the rainfall intensity. Moreover, the relationship between raindrop diameter and terminal velocity is very similar to the common curve.

References:: [1] 中华人民共和国水利部.第一次全国水利普查水土保持情况公报[J].中国水土保持,2013(10):2-3.
[2] Lantican M A, Guerra L C, Bhuiyan S I. Impacts of soil erosion in the upper Manupali watershed on irrigated lowlands in the Philippines[J]. Paddy & Water Environment, 2003,1(1):19-26.
[3] Marques M J, Bienes R, Pérez-Rodríguez R, et al. Soil degradation in central Spain due to sheet water erosion by low-intensity rainfall events[J]. Earth Surface Processes and Landforma, 2008,33(3):414-423.
[4] Wu B, Wang Z, Zhang Q, et al. Evaluating and modelling splash detachment capacity based on laboratory experiments[J]. Catena, 2019,176:189-196.
[5] Wu B, Wang Z, Zhang Q. Modelling sheet erosion on steep slopes in the loess region of China[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2017,553:549-558.
[6] 付玉,李光录,郑腾辉,等.雨滴击溅对耕作层土壤团聚体粒径分布的影响[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(3):155-160.
[7] 卜崇峰,蔡强国,张兴昌,等.黄土结皮的发育机理与侵蚀效应研究[J].土壤学报,2009,46(1):16-23.
[8] 郑粉莉,高学田.坡面土壤侵蚀过程研究进展[J].地理科学,2003,23(2):230-235.
[9] Caracciolo C, Napoli M, Porcu F, et al. Raindrop size distribution and soil erosion[J]. Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Engineering, 2012,138(5):461-469.
[10] 晏清洪,原翠萍,雷廷武,等.降雨类型和水土保持对黄土区小流域水土流失的影响[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(2):169-175.
[11] Wen L, Zhao K, Wang M. Seasonal variations of observed raindrop size distribution in east China[J]. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2019,36(4):346-362.
[12] Petan S, Rusjan S, Vidmar A, et al. The rainfall kinetic energy-intensity relationship for rainfall erosivity estimation in the mediterranean part of Slovenia[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2010,391(3/4):314-321.
[13] 郭明航,展小云,赵军,等.雨滴物理特性的粒子成像测量技术研究[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(9):144-150.
[14] 王星,李占斌,李鹏,等.宁强县土壤侵蚀的地貌分布特征[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(11):132-137.
[15] 兰敏.基于GIS的秦巴山区土壤侵蚀空间特征分析:以陕西省宁强县为例[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012,30(2):196-200.
[16] Zhan X Y, Zhao J, Feng Q, et al. Particle imaging auto-measurement system for microphysical characteristics of raindrops in natural rain[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2020,242.DOI:10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.104963.
[17] 谢云,刘宝元,章文波.侵蚀性降雨标准研究[J].水土保持学报,2000,14(4):6-11.
[18] Tang Q, Xiao H, Guo C, et al. Characteristics of the raindrop size distributions and their retrieved polarimetric radar parameters in northern and southern China[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2014,135/136:59-75.
[19] Atlas D, Srivastava R C, Sekhon R S. Doppler radar characteristics of precipitation at vertical incidence[J]. Reviews of Geophysics, 1973,11(1):1-35.
[20] 李子华,王鹏飞.微观云物理学[M].北京:气象出版社,1989.
[21] Marshall J S, Palmer W M K. The distribution of rain drops with size[J]. Meteorol, 1948,1(5):165-166.
[22] 胡子浩,濮江平,濮云涛,等.南海一次海洋性对流云降水雨滴谱特征分析[J].热带气象学报,2014,30(1):181-188.
[23] 科迪.降雨强度标准划分[J].北京水利,1995(4):49.
[24] Chen B, Yang J, Pu J P. Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution in the Meiyu season observed in eastern China[J]. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 2013,91(2):215-227.
[25] Zhang A, Hu J, Chen S, et al. Statistical characteristics of raindrop size distribution in the monsoon season observed in southern China[J]. Remote Sensing, 2019,11(4).DOI: 10.3390/rs11040432.
[26] Carter C E. Raindrop characteristics in south central United States[J]. Transactions of the Asae, 1974,17(6):1033-1037.
[27] Harikumar R, Sampath S, Kumar V S. Variation of rain drop size distribution with rain rate at a few coastal and high altitude stations in southern peninsular India[J]. Advances in Space Research, 2010,45(4):576-586.
[28] McTaggart-Cowan J D, List R. Collision and breakup of water drops at terminal velocity[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 1975,32(7):1401-1411.
[29] Rosenfeld D, Ulbrich C W. Cloud microphysical properties, processes, and rainfall estimation opportunities[J]. Meteorological Monographs, 2003,30(52):237-258.
[30] 杨俊梅,崔栋梁,李彦萌,等.山西两种地形雨滴谱统计特征对比分析[J].科技与创新,2017(2):38-42.
[31] 陈子健,胡向峰,陈宝君,等.河北省中南部暴雨雨滴谱特征[J].干旱气象,2019,37(4):586-596.
[32] Beard K V, Bringi V N, Thurai M, et al. A new understanding of raindrop shape[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2010,97(4):395-415.
[33] Montero-Martinez G, Kostinski A B, Shaw R A, et al. Do all raindrops fall at terminal speed[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2009,36(11).DOI:10.1029/2008GL037111.
[34] Pinsky M B, Khain A P. Simulations of drop fall in a homogeneous isotropic turbulent flow[J]. Journal of Aerosol Science, 1996,40(2/4):223-259.
[35] 孙学金,孙海洋,江志东.不同大气条件雨滴下落速度的数值仿真[J].计算机仿真,2011,28(12):402-406.
[36] 张昊,濮江平,李靖,等.庐山地区不同海拔高度降水雨滴谱特征分析[J].气象与减灾研究,2011,34(2):43-50.
[37] Porcu F D, Adderio L P, Prodi F, et al. Effects of altitude on maximum raindrop size and fall velocity as limited by collisional breakup[J]. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 2013,70(4):1129-1134.

Similar References:

Memo

Last Update: 2021-08-20