2000-2015年长江经济带植被覆盖时空变化特征及影响因素分析

(1.中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院, 北京 100083; 2.中国科学院 遥感与数字地球研究所, 北京 100101)

长江经济带; GIMMS-NDVI; 波动性; 偏相关性; 多因素作用

Analysis on the Characteristics of Temporal and Spatial Changes and Influencing Factors of Vegetation Coverage in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2000 to 2015
LIU Luodan1, LI Jing1, LIU Caixia2, YAN Xiaoxiao1

(1.College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 2.Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China)

Yangtze River Economic Belt; GIMMS-NDVI; fluctuation; partial correlation analysis; multi-factorial effect

备注

作为关系国家发展全局的重大战略区域之一,为落实系统修复长江经济带生态的重要战略举措,基于2000—2015年GIMMS-NDVI长时序数据,运用趋势分析、波动性分析、偏相关分析等方法,从空间大尺度、多因素角度对长江经济带16 a植被覆盖变化的时空特征、驱动力及土地利用和植被变化间的动态响应关系进行了分析研究。结果表明:16 a来长江经济带NDVI年际变化呈缓慢增加的趋势(速率为0.44%/a),整体波动情况较为稳定(CV平均=6.89%); 空间上,植被呈减少趋势的主要分布在上海市、江苏省的东南部、四川盆地及下游流域附近(占比约17.11%); 地形因子中海拔和坡度对植被变化的影响较显著,在海拔500~1 000 m和坡度0°~5°范围内区域NDVI呈增加趋势的面积比重最大。驱动因素方面,研究区NDVI与温度的偏相关性(r平均=0.095)较降水(r平均=-0.004)高; 居民地的增加是NDVI减少的主要原因,退耕还林(草)造成的土地类型变化是研究区NDVI增加的重要因素。影响因素中海拔、坡度和气温对研究区内的植被变化影响较大,未来进行生态保护时可结合地形特点,从而制定更合理的政策。
As one of the major strategic areas related to the overall development of the country, in order to implement important strategic measures to systematically restore the ecology of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, based on the GIMMS-NDVI long-time series data from 2000 to 2015, we used trend analysis, volatility analysis, partial correlation analysis and other methods to analyze and study the temporal and spatial dynamic characteristics of vegetation cover and the main factors of its changes in the Yangtze River Economic Belt over the past 16 years, and the dynamic response relationship between land use and vegetation change from the perspective of large-scale and multi-factor analysis. The results showed that the inter-annual change of NDVI in the Yangtze River Economic Belt had been increasing slowly in the past 16 years(the annual rate was 0.44%), the overall fluctuation of the study area was relatively stable(CVmean=6.89%); spatially, the areas with a decreasing trend mainly distributed in Shanghai, the southeast of Jiangsu Province, the Sichuan Basin and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River(approximately 17.11%); Among the terrain factors, altitude and slope had a significant impact on vegetation changes, and in the range of 500~1 000 m above sea level and 0°~5° slope, the proportion of the area with an increasing trend of NDVI reached the maximum; in terms of driving factors, the partial correlation between NDVI and temperature(rmean=0.095)in the study area was higher than that of precipitation(rmean=-0.004); in addition, the increase in residential land was the main reason for the decrease in NDVI, and the land type change caused by returning farmland to forest(grass)was an important factor in the increase in NDVI in the study area. Among the influencing factors, altitude, slope and air temperature have a great influence on the vegetation change in the study area. In the future, the ecological protection can be combined with the terrain characteristics, so as to make more reasonable policies.