万年县乡村地域系统韧性评价及其空间分异格局

(1.中国农业大学 土地科学与技术学院, 北京 100193, 2.清华大学 建筑学院, 北京 100084)

乡村地域系统; 乡村韧性评价; 乡村资本; 差异化发展路径; 江西省万年县

Resilience Evaluation and Spatial Differentiation Pattern of Rural Regional System in Wannian County
WANG Yanan1, HUANG An2, GAO Yang1, WANG Shu1

(1.College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; 2.School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)

rural regional system; rural resilience evaluation; rural capital; differentiated development path; Wannian County in Jiangxi Province

备注

为实现乡村可持续发展,需科学认知乡村韧性的概念内涵,揭示其空间分异特征。在系统归纳乡村韧性和乡村地域系统演化框架的基础上,从生产资本、公共资本、文化资本和生态资本4个维度出发构建乡村地域系统韧性评价指标体系,评价了2018年万年县乡村韧性水平,并利用ArcGIS 10.5可视化了其空间分异格局。结果表明:(1)乡村韧性水平高低是乡村能否实现可持续发展的客观表征,乡村韧性包含村域资源禀赋状况和乡村人文社会条件,表现为村域生产资本、公共资本、文化资本和生态资本的集合。(2)万年县乡村生产资本水平、公共资本水平、文化资本水平和生态资本水平空间分异明显。(3)万年县乡村韧性水平整体不高,总体上呈现出“东南高西北低、区域差异显著”的空间格局特征。(4)根据万年县乡村各项资本水平差异,围绕影响乡村发展的关键要素(人—地—业),提出增强乡村韧性差异化建议。提升乡村资本水平、增强乡村资本多样性是增强乡村韧性、实现乡村可持续发展的重要途径。
In order to realize the sustainable development of rural areas, it is necessary to scientifically understand the concept and connotation of rural resilience and reveal its spatial differentiation characteristics. On the basis of systematically summarizing the rural resilience and the evolution framework of rural regional system, the evaluation index system of rural regional system resilience was constructed from 4 dimensions such as production capital, public capital, cultural capital and ecological capital. The rural resilience level of Wannian County in 2018 was evaluated and its spatial differentiation pattern was visualized by ArcGIS 10.5. The results show that:(1)the level of rural resilience is an objective representation of whether the village can achieve sustainable development; rural resilience includes the endowment of village resources and the conditions of rural humanities and society, which is manifested as the collection of production capital, public capital, cultural capital and ecological capital in the village;(2)the spatial differentiation of rural production capital level, public capital level, cultural capital level and ecological capital level in Wannian County is obvious;(3)the rural resilience level in Wannian County is not high as a whole, showing the spatial pattern of high level in the southeast and low level in the northwest, with significant regional differences;(4)according to the differences of rural capital levels in Wannian County, differentiated suggestions to enhance rural resilience are put forward through focusing on the key elements of rural development(human-land-industry). Improving rural capital level and enhancing rural capital diversity are important ways to enhance rural resilience and realize rural sustainable development.