基于信息熵的砒砂岩区典型人工林生态系统稳定性研究

(1.内蒙古农业大学 沙漠治理学院 荒漠生态系统保护与修复国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 呼和浩特 010018; 2.水利部 牧区水利科学研究所, 呼和浩特 010020)

砒砂岩; 多级模糊评价模型; 人工林生态系统稳定性; 信息熵

Research on Stability of Typical Plantation Ecosystems in Feldspathtic Sandstone Area Based on Information Entropy
SUN Cheng1, QIN Fucang1, YANG Zhenqi2, DONG Xiaoyu1, TAI Hui1, REN Xiaotong1

(1.Key Laboratory of Desert Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of State Forest and Grassland Administration, College of Desert Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; 2.Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area, Ministry of Water Resources, Hohhot 010020, China)

feldspathtic sandstone; multi-level fuzzy evaluation model; stability of plantation ecosystem; information entropy

备注

为探究砒砂岩区不同人工林生态系统稳定性,以该地区油松、山杏、沙棘、油松×山杏、油松×沙棘5种植被类型为研究对象,采用信息熵理论与模糊数学分析相结合的方法,对该区人工林生态系统稳定性进行了评价。通过分析砒砂岩区人工林生态系统对稳定性因素的响应,从人工林结构和功能角度出发,以人工林林分结构、林下物种多样性和土壤理化性质为评价主体,建立评价体系,结合信息熵理论构建了多级模糊评价模型。结果表明:(1)生态系统稳定性水平最优的是油松纯林,其次是山杏纯林、沙棘纯林、油松山杏混交林、油松沙棘混交林。(2)各一级指标的权重依次为土壤理化性质(0.3772)、物种多样性(0.320 1)、林分结构(0.302 7)。(3)二级指标中,郁闭度(权重为0.326 3)、林分密度(权重为0.312 6)、草本均匀度(权重为0.250 7)、草本优势度(权重为0.345 4)、土壤容重(权重为0.251 8)、凋落物蓄积量(权重为0.210 5)等评价指标影响较大。研究表明土壤理化性质是影响砒砂岩区人工林生态系统稳定性的重要因素; 3个一级指标权重数值相对均衡,反映出该地生态治理制约因素均衡,非单一性生态脆弱; 油松林整体评价稳定,适宜作为该地植被建设树种。
In order to explore the stability of different plantation ecosystems in the feldspathtic sandstone area, 5 planting types of Pinus tabulaeformis, Armeniaca sibirica, Hippophae rhamnoides, P. tabulaeformis×A. sibirica, P. tabulaeformis×H. rhamnoides were selected as the research objects, and information entropy theory and fuzzy mathematical analysis were adopted. The combined method was used to evaluate the stability of the plantation ecosystems in this area. By analyzing the response of the plantation ecosystem in the feldspathtic sandstone area to stability factors, from the perspective of the structure and function of the plantation, the structure of the plantation, the species diversity under the plantation, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil were selected as the main evaluation subjects to establish an evaluation system, a multi-level fuzzy evaluation model was constructed by combining information entropy theory. The results showed that:(1)the level of ecosystem stability of pure P. tabulaeformis forest was the best, followed by pure A. sibirica forest, pure H. rhamnoides forest, P. tabulaeformis and A. sibirica mixed forest, and P. tabulaeformis and H. rhamnoides mixed forest;(2)the weights of the first-level indicators were soil physical and chemical properties(0.377 2), species diversity(0.320 1), forest stand structure(0.302 7);(3)among the secondary indicators, canopy density(weight 0.326 3), stand density(weight 0.312 6), herb uniformity(weight 0.250 7), herb dominance(weight 0.345 4), soil bulk density(weight 0.251 8), litter accumulation(weight 0.210 5)and other evaluation indicators had the greater response. It was suggested that soil physical and chemical properties were the important factor affecting the stability of the plantation ecosystems in the feldspathtic sandstone; the weights of the three first-level indicators were relatively balanced, reflecting the balance of constraints on ecological governance in this area, and the non-unity ecological fragility; overall evaluation on the P. tabulaeformis forest was stable, and P. tabulaeformis forest was the suitable tree species for vegetation construction in this area.