基于SRP模型的潜江市生态脆弱性评价及时空演变

(华中农业大学 公共管理学院,武汉 430070)

生态脆弱性; 地学信息图谱; 空间主成分分析; km格网; 潜江市

Evaluation and Spatiotemporal Evolution of Ecological Vulnerability of Qianjiang Based on SRP Model
WANG Peng,ZHAO Wei,KE Xinli

(College of Public Administration,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

ecological vulnerability; geo-informatic spectrum; space principal component analysis; kilometer grid; Qianjiang City

备注

以潜江市为研究区域,利用SRP模型从生态敏感性、生态恢复力和生态压力度3个层面选取14个指标构建评价指标体系,采用空间主成分分析、地学信息图谱等方法,从1 km格网尺度上对2008—2017年潜江市生态脆弱性进行了综合定量评价及时空演变分析。结果表明:(1)潜江市生态脆弱性受人类活动和自然条件共同影响,人类活动对生态环境的影响随时间推移逐渐加强。(2)2008—2017年潜江市微度和轻度脆弱面积总占比均在70%左右,说明生态脆弱性整体处于良好水平; 极度脆弱、重度脆弱、中度脆弱、轻度脆弱和微度脆弱由城市建成区向外依次呈圈层结构发散分布。(3)2008—2017年潜江市生态脆弱性程度有所加深,绝大多数乡镇生态脆弱性综合指数有所增加,浩口镇和泰丰街道分别下降0.32,0.10; 生态脆弱性等级发生变化图谱单元面积为1176.40 km2,其中“轻度→中度”、“微度→轻度”、“轻度→微度”、“中度→重度”图谱类型最为显著,对应面积分别占变化单元面积的26.11%,22.38%,15.55%,8.83%; 涨落势图谱中,中度脆弱涨势最强,转入面积为410.52 km2,轻度脆弱落势最强,转出面积达556.77 km2。研究结果可为潜江市生态保护和修复提供科学依据。
In order to explore the ecological vulnerability of city in Central China,14 indicators were selected based on Ecological Sensitivity-Ecological Recovery-Ecological Pressure(SRP)model,and spacial principal component analysis and geo-informatic spectrum method were employed. A case study of Qiangjiang was carried out to assess its ecological vulnerability as well as spatio-temporal evolution from 2008 to 2017 on the kilometer-grid scale. The results show that:(1)the ecological vulnerability of Qianjiang was influenced by human activities and natural conditions,and the influence of human activities was gradually strengthening during the period;(2)from 2008 to 2017,areas of slight and light vulnerability accounted for about 70% of Qianjiang,indicating that the overall ecological vulnerability kept at a good level; the areas of severe,strong,moderate,light and slight vulnerability distributed in circles from the center of urban built-up;(3)during the research period,the ecological vulnerability of Qianjiang increased slightly; the index of ecological vulnerability increased for most towns,but it decreased by 0.32 and 0.10 for Haokou and Taifeng; the TUPU with changing ecological vulnerability was summed to 1 176.40 km2,in which ‘light to moderate',‘slight to light',‘light to slight' and ‘moderate to strong' were the major transforms,with a percentage of 26.11%,22.38%,15.55% and 8.83%,respectively; as the top rising and top falling TUPU,the moderate vulnerability increased by 410.52 km2 and the light vulnerability reduced by 556.77 km2. These results could provide useful help for the protection and restoration of ecological environment in the study area.