基于RSEI的三峡库区重庆段水土保持生态功能区生态环境质量动态监测
刘栩位1,2,周启刚2,3,周 浪1,2,孟浩斌1,2,李明慧1,2,彭春花1,2

(1.重庆工商大学 环境与资源学院,重庆 400067; 2生态环境空间信息数据挖掘与大数据集成重庆市重点实验室,重庆 401320; 3.重庆工商大学 公共管理学院,重庆 400067)

生态环境质量; 遥感生态指数(RSEI); 动态变化; 水土保持生态功能区; 三峡库区

RSEI-Based Dynamic Monitoring of Ecological Quality of the Soil and Water Conservation Functional Area in the Chongqing Section of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area
LIU Xuwei1,2,ZHOU Qigang2,3,ZHOU Lang1,2,MENG Haobin1,2,LI Minghui1,2,PENG Chunhua1,2

(1.College of Environment and Resources,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China; 2.Chongqing Key Laboratory of Spatial Data Mining and Big Data Integration for Ecology and Environment,Chongqing 401320,China; 3.School of Public Administration,Chongqing Technology and Business University,Chongqing 400067,China)

ecological environment quality; remote sensing ecological index; dynamic change; functional area of soil and water conservation; Three Gorges Reservoir area

备注

集成绿度、湿度、热度和干度共4个指标构建遥感生态指数(Remote Sensing Ecological Index,RSEI),可快速定量评价区域生态环境状况,客观反映生态环境的变化过程。以1994年、2000年、2007年、2013年、2019年Landsat TM/OLI影像为数据源,采用遥感生态指数评价了三峡库区重庆段水土保持生态功能区生态环境质量状况,并预测2025年研究区生态环境质量。结果表明:构建的RSEI指数能够反映三峡库区重庆段水土保持生态功能区的生态环境质量状况,1994—2019年RSEI值由0.525上升至0.653,上涨幅度达24.38%,生态环境质量改善面积为6 265.673 km2,所占比例为59.78%,退化区域面积为604.789 km2,面积占比为5.77%,生态环境总体质量改善效果明显并趋于稳定; 从空间分布来看,研究区改善区域较广,主要集中于奉节县和云阳县全境; 而退化区域集中于研究区主要的城市建成区和管辖范围内具有一定规模的村镇,以及巫山县北部和东南部地区,研究区整体改善明显; 预测的2025年RSEI仍持续上升,但上升速率明显放缓,因此研究区在后续的生态环境建设中,仍应进行持续性生态治理及保护。研究结果实现了水土保持生态功能区生态环境质量的快速监测,可为其生态治理提供科学依据。
Integrating four indicators of greenness,humidity,heat and dryness to predict the remote sensing ecological index(RSEI)can quickly and quantitatively evaluate the status of the regional ecological environment and objectively reflect the change process of the ecological environment. Based on the data of 1994,2000,2007,2013,2019 Landsat TM/OLI images,we used the remote sensing ecological index to evaluate the ecological environment quality of the soil and water conservation ecological function zone in the Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir area,and to predict the ecological environment quality of the study area in 2025. The results show that the constructed RSEI index can reflect the ecological environment quality of the water and soil conservation ecological function zone in the Chongqing section of the Three Gorges Reservoir. The RSEI value increased from 0.525 to 0.653 from 1994 to 2019,with the increase rate of 24.38%,and the area of improvement in ecological environment quality was 6 265.673 km2,the proportion was 59.78%,the area of the degraded area was 604.789 km2,and the proportion is 5.77%. The overall quality of the ecological environment was improved obviously and tended to be stable; from the spatial distribution,the improvement area of the study area distributed widely,mainly concentrated the whole area of Fengjie County and Yunyang County,while the degraded areas concentrated in the main urban areas of the study area and villages and towns of a certain scale within the jurisdiction,as well as the northern and southeastern areas of Wushan County. The overall improvement of the study area was obvious. The predicted 2025 RSEI will continued to rise,but the rate of increase will slow down significantly. Therefore,the study area should continue to conduct ecological management and protection in the subsequent ecological environment construction. The research results have realized the rapid monitoring of the ecological environment quality in the ecological function zone of soil and water conservation,which can provide a scientific basis for its ecological governance.