低氮胁迫对不同耐瘠性苦荞土壤氮转化酶活性的影响
王 佳1,3,陈 伟1,3,张 强2,王红阳1,3,李亚新1,3

(1.山西师范大学 地理科学学院,山西 临汾 041004; 2.山西师范大学 生命科学学院,山西 临汾041004; 3.山西省资源环境信息化管理院士工作站,山西 临汾 041004)

低氮胁迫; 氮转化酶活性; 耐瘠性苦荞

Effects of Low Nitrogen Stress on Soil Nitrogen Converting Enzyme Activities Under Different Kinds of Tartary Buckwheat
WANG Jia1,3,CHEN Wei1,3,ZHANG Qiang2,WANG Hongyang1,3,LI Yaxin1,3

(1.College of Geographical Science,Shanxi Normal University,Linfen,Shanxi 041004,China; 2.College of Life Science,Shanxi Normal University,Linfen,Shanxi 041004,China; 3.Academician's Workstation for Information Management of Resources and Environment in Shanxi Province,Linfen,Shanxi 041004,China)

low nitrogen stress; nitrogen invertase activities; Tartary Buckwheat with different tolerance

备注

为研究低氮胁迫对不同耐瘠性苦荞土壤氮转化酶活性的影响,以迪庆苦荞(DQ,耐低氮品种)和‘黑丰1号'(HF,不耐低氮品种)为研究对象,设置3个施氮水平:对照(CK,尿素0 mg/kg)、低氮量(N1,尿素80 mg/kg)、正常施氮量(N2,尿素160 mg/kg),对不同耐瘠性苦荞品种土壤的水肥状况及氮转化相关酶活性进行测定分析。结果表明:低氮胁迫对苦荞土壤的水肥状况有显著影响(p<0.05)。在低氮胁迫下,DQ的土壤含水量、pH、全氮、全磷、NO-3-N及产量比HF高。低氮胁迫对苦荞土壤氮转化相关酶活性亦有显著影响(p<0.05),在低氮胁迫下,HF的铵氧化酶活性、蛋白酶活性比DQ高37.61%,253.27%。同时,冗余分析表明品种(p=0.002),土壤含水量(p=0.002),NO-3-N(p=0.012),全钾(p=0.016),是影响土壤中氮转化过程关键酶活性最重要的环境因子。综上所述,迪庆苦荞对根际土壤水肥的保持度及产量高于黑丰,且成熟期迪庆苦荞氮转化酶活性较低,可能是迪庆苦荞通过对土壤中NH+4-N和NO-3-N的选择性吸收来改变根际土壤中的pH值从而影响氮转化酶的活性来调节环境中氮素的供给。因此,建议黄土高原土地养分贫瘠地区选用耐瘠性强苦荞品种,该结果可为黄土高原等土地养分贫瘠地区农业发展提供理论依据和实践参考。
In order to study the effect of low nitrogen stress on the soil nitrogen invertase activities of different kinds of barren-tolerant buckwheat,Diqing tartary buckwheat(DQ,low nitrogen-tolerant cultivar)and ‘Heifeng 1'(HF,low nitrogen-tolerant cultivar)were used as research subjects,three levels of nitrogen application: control(CK,urea 0 mg/kg),low nitrogen(N1,urea 80 mg/kg),normal nitrogen application(N2,urea 160 mg/kg)werer set,soil water and fertilizer status and nitrogen conversion related enzyme activities of different barren-tolerant buckwheat cultivars were analyzed. The results show that low nitrogen stress has the significant effect on the soil water and fertilizer status of soil planted to tartary buckwheat(p<0.05). Under low nitrogen stress,the soil water content,pH,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,NO-3-N and yield of DQ are higher than those of HF. Low nitrogen stress also has a significant effect on the enzyme activities related to nitrogen conversion in soil planted to tartary buckwheat(p<0.05). Under low nitrogen stress,the activities of ammonia oxidase and protease of HF are 37.61% and 253.27% higher than those of DQ. At the same time,redundant analysis shows that cultivars(p=0.002),soil water content(p=0.002),NO-3-N(p=0.012),total potassium(p=0.016)affect soil the most important environmental factor for key enzyme activities in the nitrogen conversion process. In summary,compared with HF,DQ has higher water and fertilizer retention and yield,but has lower soil enzyme activities because selective way of absorption nitrogen of the form of NO-3-N and NH+4-N affects the soil pH and controls the soil enzyme activities for the nitrogen usability and the selected characters cultivar and moisture had the greatest effect on soil nitrogen invertase activities. Therefore,it is recommended to select buckwheat cultivars with strong barren tolerance in the limited soil nutrient areas of the Loess Plateau. These results can provide theoretical basis and practical reference for agricultural development in the poor soil nutrient areas of the Loess Plateau.