桂西南—北部湾地区“三生”用地演变及其驱动力的地理探测
赖国华1, 胡宝清2,3, 李 敏1, 林树高1, 邓雁菲4

(1.南宁师范大学 自然资源与测绘学院, 南宁 530001; 2.北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室, 南宁 530001; 3.广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室, 南宁 530001; 4.南宁师范大学 地理科学与规划学院, 南宁 530001)

“三生”用地; 地理探测器; 喀斯特; 海岸带

Dynamic Changes of Ecological-Living-Production Land and Geographical Detect of Their Driving Forces in Southwest Guangxi-Beibu Gulf Zone
LAI Guohua1, HU Baoqing2,3, LI Min1, LIN Shugao1, DENG Yanfei4

(1.School of Natural Resources and Surveying, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China; 2.Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Environment Change and Resources Utilization of ministry of Education, Nanning 530001, China; 3.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation, Nanning 530001, China; 4.School of Geography and Planning, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China)

ecological-living-industrial land; geographical detector; karst; coastal zone

备注

为分析过渡性复杂地理空间“三生”用地变化特征并探索其变化的驱动因素,基于桂西南喀斯特和北部湾经济区的土地利用数据,构建“三生”用地分类体系,运用转移矩阵、土地利用动态度分析研究区38 a间“三生”用地演变特征,并采用地理探测器方法分析了“三生”用地演变的驱动力。结果表明:(1)研究区“三生”用地水平变化特征在38 a间表现为生态用地减少,生活用地由城镇中心向外扩张,生产用地总量平衡,“三生”用地发生转移变化面积约为25 538.63 km2,变化率为26.73%。(2)“三生”用地垂直变化特征中,生产、生活用地面积随着坡度及海拔的增加而减少,坡度较大、海拔较高地区主要以生态用地为主。位于低坡度和低海拔地区的生态用地大面积转化成生活、生产用地,而位于高坡度和高海拔地区的生产、生活用地转移为生态用地。(3)地理探测器识别出生产、生态用地变化受DEM、人口密度等自然资源条件和社会经济因素影响较大,生活用地变化受产业产值、人口密度和道路密度等社会经济和地理区位因素影响较大。随着人口增长和经济发展,桂西南—北部湾地区的生活用地和工业生产用地占据了低坡度、低海拔的农业用地和生态用地,应加强控制建设用地扩张,保障粮食安全和生态安全。
In order to analyze the dynamic changes of ecological-living-industrial land, a transitional geographical space, and explore their driving factors, a classification system of ecological-living-industrial land was constructed based on the data of karst landform and Beibu Gulf Economic Zone,the transition matrix and the dynamics of land use were adopted to analyze the dynamic changes of ecological-living-industrial land in recent 38 years, and the driving forces of such changes were explored by geographic detector. The conclusions are as follows.(1)Horizontally, the changes of ecological-living-production land in research area during past 38 years were that, ecological land decreased, living land expanded outward from urban areas, and production land kept unchanged; the total area with functional change was about 25 538.63 km2, accounting for 26.73%;(2)from the vertical perspective, the production and living lands decreased as the rise of slope and altitude, in other words, ecological land occupied most areas with higher slope and altitude; vast tracts of ecological land at lower slope and altitude had given way to living and production lands, while the opposite was the case at higher slope and altitude;(3)the geographical detector had identified that, the production and ecological lands were under great impact of natural resource conditions and social economy, such as DEM, population density, etc.; and the living land was deeply affected by social economy and geographic location, including production output value, population density, road density, etc. With population growth and economic development, land for living and industrial production in the southwest Guizhou-Beibu Gulf region has occupied agricultural and ecological land with low slopes and low altitudes. It is important to strengthen the control of the expansion of land for construction to ensure food security and ecological safety.