西部平原区生态用地时空动态特征及环境效应
蒋好雨1, 陈荣蓉1, 杨朝现1, 信桂新2, 杨 馗1

(1.西南大学 资源环境学院, 重庆 400716; 2.长江师范学院 武陵山区特色资源开发与利用研究中心, 重庆 408100)

生态用地; 生态环境效应; 土地利用转移矩阵

Characteristics of Spatiotemporal Dynamic Change in Ecological Land and Environment Effect in Western Plains
JIANG Haoyu1, CHEN Rongrong1, YANG Chaoxian1, XIN Guixin2, YANG Kui1

(1.College of resource and environment, Southeast University, Chongqing 400716, China; 2.Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing 408100, China)

ecological land; ecological environment effect; land use transfer matrix

备注

为了探究生态用地变化特征及其对区域生态环境的影响效应,以西部平原区的四川省广汉市为例,基于土地利用转移概率矩阵和重心迁移模型分析研究区生态用地的时空演变特征,然后从承担生态风险、生态服务供给、均衡生态系统的维度运用生态系统服务价值、生态敏感性和生态协调评估分析评价了研究区生态用地演变导致的生态环境效应。结果 表明:(1)2000—2017年,研究区生态用地流失严重,大量城镇边缘的生态用地被快速转化为建设用地。研究区生态用地总面积减少9 769.51 hm2,耕地面积减少了10 726.91 hm2,生态用地重心向北部迁移。(2)生态用地格局受建设用地扩展的扰动对区域生态环境带来了压力和风险,产生了一定的负向影响。生态系统服务价值减少了17.11%,生态极敏感和高度敏感区面积分别增加1 629.47,4 294.40 hm2,生态协调度下降了10.36%。西部平原地区在快速城镇化进程中生态用地流失严重,整体生态环境承受较大压力,应加强生态用地科学管控与修复,提升国土空间环境综合治理能力。

To explore the characteristics of ecological land changes and the impact on the regional ecological environment, taking Guanghan City of Sichuan Province in the western plains as an example, we analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of ecological land in the study area based on the land use transfer probability matrix and the center of gravity migration model, and evaluated the ecological environment effect caused by the evolution of ecological land in the study area by using service value and ecological sensitivity analysis and through the dimensions of taking ecological risks, providing ecological services, and balancing ecosystem. The results show that:(1)from 2000 to 2017, due to the impact of urbanization, the loss of ecological land in Guanghan City was serious, and a large number of ecological land on the edge of cities and towns were quickly converted into construction land; the total area of ecological land in the study area decreased by 9 769.51 hm2, the loss of ecological land was serious, the area of cultivated land decreased by 10 726.91 hm2, and the center of ecological land moved to the north;(2)the disturbance of the ecological land pattern caused by the expansion of construction land had brought pressure and risks to the regional ecological environment, and had a certain negative impact; the value of ecosystem services decreased by 17.11%, the area of highly sensitive and highly sensitive areas increased by 1 629.47 hm2 and 4 294.40 hm2, respectively, and the degree of ecological coordination decreased by 10.36%. The loss of ecological land in western plain area is serious in the process of rapid urbanization, and the environment is under greater pressure. The scientific management and restoration of ecological land should be strengthened to enhance the comprehensive management of land space environment.