稳定碳同位素在草地生态系统碳循环中的应用与展望
张 昊1, 李建平1,2

(1.宁夏大学 农学院, 银川 750021; 2.西北退化生态系统恢复与重建国家重点实验室培育基地, 银川 750021)

稳定碳同位素; δ13 C值; 综述; 植被演替; 同位素模型

Application and Prospect of Stable Carbon Isotope to the Study of Carbon Cycle in Grassland Ecosystem
ZHANG Hao1, LI Jianping1,2

(1.School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; 2.Breeding Base of State Key Laboratory for Preventing Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China)

stable carbon isotope; δ13C values; summary; vegetation succession; isotope model

备注

利用稳定碳同位素来追踪生态系统物质循环和能量流动,定量示踪生态系统中碳元素的转移,明确生态系统碳循环及其驱动机制,已经成为目前研究生态系统碳循环的一个重要手段。稳定碳同位素技术在草地生态系统碳循环中的应用主要包括判定生态系统中碳的来源和同化,植物—土壤系统中碳的转移和固定,草地深层土壤有机碳变迁过程,不同类型草地δ13 C值分布特征以及同位素模型判别生态系统碳及贡献比例。通过梳理和分析稳定碳同位素在草地生态系统中的利用方法和关键技术,为明确生态系统碳循环的驱动机制和全球气候变化对碳流动的响应机理提供依据。稳定碳同位素技术对生态系统干扰很小,检测快速、准确,对研究生态系统碳素流动,植被变迁及生态系统组分碳来源判定和贡献比例提供可靠支撑。

Utilizing stable carbon isotopes to trace the nutrient circulation and energy flow in ecosystem, trace the dynamics of carbon transfer in ecosystem quantitatively, and clarify the ecosystem carbon cycle and its driving mechanism has become an important technique for the study of the carbon cycle of ecosystem. These studies cover carbon sources and assimilation in ecosystem determined by stable carbon isotopes, carbon transfer and fixation in plant-soil system, organic carbon transfer processes in deep soils, distribution characteristics of δ13C values in different types of grassland, as well as identification of carbon sources and contribution of components to ecosystem by isotope model. For providing an investigated reference for the driving mechanism of carbon cycle inecosystem and the response mechanism of global climate change to carbon flow, we reviewed the utilization methods and key technologies of stable carbon isotopes in grassland ecosystem. Meanwhile, stable carbon isotope technique is a rapid, accurate and efficient measurement, and hardly affects the function of ecosystem. Stable carbon isotope techniquecan provide credible supports for studies on carbon flow in ecosystem, vegetation change, and source determination and contribution proportion of carbon in ecosystem.