边境地区景观格局演变及生态系统服务价值响应——以延边朝鲜族自治州为例
于 媛, 李明玉, 韩旭龙, 刘 晖

(延边大学 地理与海洋科学学院, 吉林 延吉 133002)

边境地区; 景观格局; 生态系统服务价值; 延边朝鲜族自治州

Study on the Response of Ecosystem Service Value to the Evolution of Landscape Pattern in Border Areas
YU Yuan, LI Mingyu, HAN Xulong, LIU Hui

(School of Geography and Marine Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China)

border area; landscape pattern; ecosystem service value; Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture

备注

进入21世纪后,延边朝鲜族自治州在各方面的发展均进一步提升,人类活动严重影响着其景观格局及生态系统服务功能的变化。因此,研究延边朝鲜族自治州的景观格局演变及其对生态系统服务价值的影响机理对未来边境地区的发展有着重要意义。依托Fragstas4.2软件平台,参照生态系统服务当量因子表,探究延边州在1996—2016年景观格局及生态系统服务价值的变化情况; 并剖析了景观格局演变对延边州生态系统服务价值间的响应关系。结果 表明:(1)20年间,耕地、草地、建设用地分别增长371.57 km2,291.69 km2,235.23 km2,林地和水域分别减少780.60 km2,118.95 km2; 各景观类型的破碎化程度加剧。(2)20年来,延边州的生态系统服务总价值共降低33.49亿元; 林地和水域的生态系统服务价值下降明显,耕地及草地相反; 从空间分布来看,延边州的生态系统服务价值呈现中心城市低、周边城市高的分布态势。(3)生态系统服务价值与最大斑块指数、蔓延度指数及聚集度指数呈正相关,与斑块个数、斑块密度、景观形状指数及香浓多样性指数呈负相关。研究结果对于该地区制定土地利用政策及可持续发展提供决策建议。

After entering the 21st century, the development of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in all aspects has been further improved, and human activities have seriously affected changes in landscape patterns and ecological service functions. Therefore, studying the evolution of the landscape pattern of Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture and its impact on ecosystem service value is of great significance to the development of border areas in the future. Based on the Fragstas 4.2 software platform and referring to the ecosystem service equivalent factor table, the landscape pattern and ecosystem service value changes of Yanbian Prefecture from 1996 to 2016 were explored; and the impact mechanism of landscape pattern evolution on the ecosystem service value of Yanbian Prefecture was analyzed. The results show that:(1)during 20 years, cultivated land, grassland, and construction land had respectively increased by 371.57 km2, 291.69 km2, and 235.23 km2, respectively, while forest land and water area had decreased by 780.60 km2, and 118.95 km2, respectively, and the degree of fragmentation had increased;(2)over the past 20 years, the total value of ecosystem services in Yanbian Prefecture had decreased by 3.349 billion yuan; the values of ecosystem services in forests and waters had declined significantly, and the values of ecosystem services of cultivated land and grasslands had increased significantly; the distribution of ecosystem service value presented the low level in the central cities and the high level in the surrounding cities;(3)the ecosystem service value was positively correlated with the maximum patch index, spread index and aggregation index, and negatively correlated with the number of patches, patch density, landscape shape index and Shannon diversity index. The results of the study can provide decision-making suggestions for the formulation of land-use policies and sustainable development in this area.