水土保持研究

喀斯特山区文山市资源匮乏、生态环境脆弱和社会经济发展落后,亟需了解资源环境承载力状况,为资源合理开发利用、生态环境保护和社会经济可持续发展等提供参考。因此,从资源、环境和社会经济3个方面,共选取了31个指标构建资源环境承载力评价指标体系,并运用模糊综合评价法结合GIS技术实现对喀斯特山区文山市资源环境承载力空间栅格尺度的评价和分析。结果表明:(1)文山市资源环境综合承载力特征均值为3.098 7,整体属于中等承载水平,但承载能力有较大的提升空间。中承载面积分布最大,占市域总面积的89.38%,高承载和低承载次之,分别只占到10.23%和0.39%。市中心及其周围资源环境综合承载力较高,西北部和东北部的贫困和石漠化区域较低。(2)资源承载力以中等承载为主,占全市总面积的75.87%,其次为低承载和高承载,分别仅占19.55%和4.57%。东南部、中部、西南部和西北部的资源承载力较高,西部、东北部和南部较低; 环境承载力以高等承载为主,占市域总面积的81.20%,其次是中承载和理想承载,分别占18.17%和0.63%。北部、西南部和中部的环境承载力较高,东部、东南部和西中部较弱; 社会经济承载力以低承载为主,占全市总面积的51.22%,其次是中承载和高承载,分别占37.62%和11.16%。市区社会经济承载力最高,北部、西南部和南部较弱。(3)文山市环境承载力最大,其次为资源承载力,社会经济承载力最小,表明区域总体上环境承载较好,资源条件趋弱,社会经济发展落后。

The lack of resources, the fragile ecological environment and backward socio-economic development of Wenshan City in karst mountain areas are found. It is urgent to understand the status of regional resources and environmental carrying capacity, and provide references for the rational development and utilization of resources, ecological environmental protection and sustainable development of socioeconomic. Therefore, a total of 31 indicators were selected to construct a resource and environmental carrying capacity evaluation index system from three aspects of resources, environment and socio-economics, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method combined with GIS technology was used to evaluate and analyze the resources and environment carrying capacity of Wenshan City in karst mountain area on the spatial grid scale. The results show that:(1)the average value of the comprehensive carrying capacity of resources and environment is 3.098 7, which belongs to a medium carrying level as a whole, but there is a lot of rooms for improvement; The area distribution of medium carrying capacity is the largest, accounting for 89.38% of the total area, followed by high carrying capacity and low carrying, accounting for only 10.23% and 0.39%, respectively; the comprehensive carrying capacity of resources and environment in the city center and its surroundings is high, and the poverty and rocky desertification areas in the northwest and northeast are low;(2)the resource carrying capacity is mainly medium, accounting for 75.87% of the total area, followed by low carrying and high carrying, accounting for only 19.55% and 4.57%, respectively; the higher carrying capacity mainly distributes in the southeast, central, southwest, and northwest, and the carrying capacity is lower in the west, northeast, and south; the environmental carrying capacity is mainly high carrying capacity, accounting for 81.20% of the total area, followed by the medium carrying capacity and the ideal carrying capacity, accounting for 18.17% and 0.63%, respectively; the carrying capacity is higher in the north, southwest, and central, while the carrying capacity is relatively weak in the east, southeast, and west central areas; socio-economic carrying capacity is mainly low carrying capacity, accounting for 51.22% of the total area, followed by medium carrying and high carrying capacity, accounting for 37.62% and 11.16%, respectively; the socio-economic carrying capacity of the urban area is the highest, while that of the north, southwest and south is weak;(3)the environmental carrying capacity is the largest, followed by the resource carrying capacity, and the socio-economic carrying capacity is the smallest, indicating that the regional environmental carrying capacity is better, the resource conditions are weak, and the social and economic development is backward in general.