基于TRMM数据的祁连山大气降水时空分布特征

(1.中国科学院 西北生态环境资源研究院 高寒山区同位素生态水文与环境保护观测研究站/甘肃省祁连山生态环境研究中心/内陆河流域生态水文重点实验室, 兰州 730000; 2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049)

TRMM; 时空变化; 精度检验; 降水量; 祁连山

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Precipitation in Qilian Mountains Based on TRMM Data
XUE Jian1,2, LI Zongsheng1, LI Zongjie1, GUI Juan1,2

(1.Observation and Research Station of Eco-Hydrology and Environmental Protection by Stable Isotope Tracing in High and Cold Mountainous Areas /Key Laboratory of Ecohydrology of Inland River Basin/Gansu Qilian Mountains Ecology Research Center, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)

TRMM; Spatial and temporal change; Accuracy test; Precipitation; Qilian mountains

备注

根据TRMM3B43卫星检测的大气降水数据信息,同时结合祁连山地区气象站点实测数据信息,分析两者相关系数和误差等指标进行TRMM降水数据的精度检验,并结合Mann-Kendall突变检验分析祁连山大气降水的变化特征。最后检验结果表明:(1)TRMM3B43数据在该地区整体上精度较高,适用性良好,其中TRMM降水数据同该地区气象站点的测量数据在年尺度下相关系数为0.79,在月尺度下的相关系数为0.74,季尺度下的整体精度略低,在冬季的相关系数仅为0.44,有明显的低值高估现象;(2)祁连山地区降水的空间分布大致上呈自东向西递减的趋势且年内季节分配不均;(3)通过Mann-Kendall突变检验,发现近21年内研究区的年均降水量和季均降水量均变化复杂,并在近几年呈现上升的趋势。

Based on the atmospheric precipitation data of TRMM3B43 satellite and the measured data of meteorological station, the accuracy test of TRMM precipitation data was carried out by analyzing the correlation coefficient, error and other indicators. The variation characteristics of atmospheric precipitation in Qilian mountains were analyzed with the Mann-Kendall mutation test. The results show that:(1)TRMM3B43 precipitation data in Qilian mountains area has high overall precision, good applicability, including TRMM precipitation data from stations on the measured data in yearly scales and monthly scales of the correlation coefficient of 0.79 and 0.74, respectively, the overall precision of seasonal scales is slightly low, the correlation coefficient is only 0.44 in winter, there is obvious low overestimate phenomenon;(2)the spatial distribution of precipitation in Qilian Mountains is generally decreasing from east to west, and the seasonal distribution is uneven;(3)through the Mann-Kendall mutation test, it was found that both the annual average precipitation and the seasonal average precipitation in the study area in the past 21 years had changed in a complex way, and had shown the upward trend in recent years.