宁南山区利用柠条枝栽培香菇技术可行性研究
马 俊1,2, 李鸣雷1,3, 赵世伟1,3, 沈 彤1,2, 苏彦尹1,2

(1.中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100; 2.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049; 3.西北农林科技大学 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100)

宁南山区; 柠条枝; 香菇; 栽培

Feasibility Study on Cultivation of Lentinula edodes with Caragana korshinskii Branch in the Hilly Area of Southern Ningxia
MA Jun1,2, LI Minglei1,3, ZHAO Shiwei1,3, SHEN Tong1,2, SU Yanyin1,2

(1.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; 2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 3.Institute of Soil and Water Conservatio, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China)

hilly area of southern Ningxia; Caragana korshinskii branch; Lentinus edodes; cultivation

备注

为了探究宁南山区柠条枝作为香菇代料栽培基质的可行性,以78%苹果木为对照,柠条枝39%、苹果木39%进行柠条枝代料栽培香菇的初步探究,对于不同处理的香菇菌丝生长、子实体发育以及营养成分状况进行了测定与分析。结果 表明:加入39%的柠条枝后菌丝生长速率降低0.88 mm/d,转色天数延长12 d,生育期延长35 d,基本实现全年生产; 单棒产量与生物学效率不存在显著差异,表明所选柠条枝配方对于香菇子实体发育无显著影响; 营养成分中,干物质、粗纤维、必需氨基酸以及部分矿物质元素含量降低,其中粗纤维含量与陕西传统栽培基质所产香菇不存在显著差异,脂肪、氨基酸总量以及鲜味氨基酸含量增加,重金属含量均低于国家相关标准,其他营养成分差异均不显著。该研究表明,宁南山区可进行香菇反季节栽培,柠条作为香菇产业的替代性资源具有可行性。由于香菇部分养分含量降低,适宜添加比例还需进一步探究。

In order to explore the feasibility of Caragana korshinskii branch as a substrate for the cultivation of Lentinula edodes, a preliminary study on the cultivation of Lentinula edodes with 78% apple wood as a control, 39% Caragana korshinskii branch and 39% apple wood was carried. The mycelial growth, fruiting body development and nutrient composition status of Lentinula edodes produced by different treatments were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the growth rate of mycelium decreased by 0.88 mm/d after adding 39% of Caragana korshinskii branch and the color change days extended by 12 days, the growth period extended by 35 days and the annual production was basically achieved; the yield and biological efficiency of single sticks was no significant difference, indicating that the selected Caragana korshinskii branch formula had no significant effect on the development of Lentinus edodes fruit body; the contents of crude fiber, magnesium, essential amino acids and some mineral elements reduced; the content of crude fiber was not significantly different from the mushrooms produced in Shaanxi traditional cultivation substrate; the fat, total and umami amino acid increased; the contents of heavy metals were lower than the relevant national standards, and the differences of other nutrients were not significant. This study shows that anti-season cultivation of Lentinula edodes can be carried out in the hilly area of southern Ningxia and Caragana korshinskii is feasible as an alternative resource for Lentinus edodes production. Due to the reduced nutrient content of Lentinus edodes, the appropriate addition ratio needs further investigation.