基于资源流动与生态载体层面的生态安全研究
严 维1,2, 刘艳中1,2, 陈 勇1,2, 张 祚3, 朱晓南1,2, 宋改凤1,2

(1.武汉科技大学 资源与环境工程学院, 武汉 430081; 2.武汉科技大学 冶金矿产资源高效利用与造块湖北省重点实验室, 武汉 430081; 3.华中师范大学 公共管理学院, 武汉 430079)

生态安全; 生态足迹法; 能值理论; 生态载体; 临湘市

Research on Eco-Security Based on Resource Flow and Eco-Carrier
YAN Wei1,2, LIU Yanzhong1,2, CHEN Yong1,2, ZHANG Zuo3, ZHU Xiaonan1,2, SONG Gaifeng1,2

(1.School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; 2.Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgical Mineral Resources, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China; 3.School of Public Administration, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China)

ecological security; ecological footprint method; emergy theory; ecological carrier; Linxiang City

备注

为了解决现有研究对生态载体安全状态研究缺失导致的生态安全判断不准确的问题,以临湘市为例,依据生态安全内涵,首先运用改进的生态足迹法,完成资源流动层面安全状态的判断,然后结合能值法的理论和系统学方法,构建生态载体安全等级划分体系,完成了生态载体层面安全状态研究,最终得出生态安全评价结果。结果 表明:(1)从整体上看,2005—2017年临湘市在资源流动层面上处于安全状态; 生态载体安全等级由Ⅳ-U级到Ⅱ-D级,生态载体安全状态经历了稳定上升又下降的波动过程,区域生态载体整体现状处于安全状态,因此得出临湘市处于生态安全状态。(2)从地类变化看,2005—2017年除化石能源用地外,其他地类均处于资源流动安全状态,但生态载体中耕地和水域生产能力下降,状态较不安全,应减少粗放式生产及一味追求产量而忽视边际效益的对化肥、农药的不合理使用,改善载体状态。资源流动和生态载体安全状态的综合判断,能更全面地反映区域生态安全状态,也为区域生态建设发展提供参考。

In order to solve the problem of the inaccurate judgment of ecological security caused by the lack of research on the security status of ecological carriers in the existing research, Linxiang City was taken as the example. Based on the generally accepted connotation of ecological security, the improved ecological footprint method was used to complete the judgment of the security status at the level of resource flow, and then the theory of emergy method and systematics method were combined to construct the security classification system of ecological carrier to examine the security status of ecological carrier is completed. The conclusion of ecological security evaluation can be obtained. The results showed that:(1)from 2005 to 2017, Linxiang City was in a safe state on the level of resource flow as a whole; the security level of the whole ecological carrier was from level Ⅳ-U to level Ⅱ-D; the security status of the ecological carrier experienced a stable rise and degradation process, and the overall status of the regional ecological carrier was in a safe state, so Linxiang City was in an ecological security state;(2)from the perspective of land type change, in 2005—2017, except for fossil energy land, other land types were in a safe state of resource flow, but the capacities of cultivated land and water area in the ecological carrier were degraded and the state were not safe, so extensive production and excessive use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide that blindly pursued output but ignored marginal benefit should be reduced, so as to improve the carrier state. The comprehensive judgment of resource flow and ecological carrier security state can reflect the regional ecological security state more comprehensively, and also provide reference for the development of regional ecological construction.