三峡库区生态系统服务与农户生计耦合模型构建及应用

(1.重庆交通大学 建筑与城市规划学院, 重庆 400074; 2.重庆大学 资源环境科学学院, 重庆 400044)

生态系统服务; 农户生计; 耦合模型; 三峡库区

Construction and Application of Coupling Model of Ecosystem Service and Farmers' Livelihood in Three Gorges Reservoir Area
GUAN Dongjie1,2, SUN Lingli1, ZHOU Lilei2

(1.College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China; 2.College of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China)

ecosystem services; farmers' livelihood; coupling model; Three Gorges Reservoir Area

备注

为了研究生态系统服务与农户生计耦合关系,基于三峡库区1995—2015年土地利用数据,结合库区情况修正中国不同生态系统当量因子表,对库区不同生态服务价值进行评估; 引入农户不同生计资本的评价体系,构建库区耦合度/耦合协调度模型,分析三峡库区生态系统服务与农户生计耦合关系及空间分布规律; 再计算各生态系统服务对农户生计贡献率,探讨了生态系统服务对农户生计的影响因素。结果 表明:(1)三峡库区生态系统服务与农户生计极度耦合所占的比例最高,达到65.38%,除库尾渝中区和大渡口区,其余区县均为中度及以上耦合; 各区县从衰退发展逐步向濒临衰退发展靠近,濒临衰退发展区县向勉强协调发展和协调发展区县转化。(2)不同类型生态系统服务对农户生计贡献率不同,库区农村居民家庭经营收入来源中农业收入最高达到55.31%。(3)三峡库区各生态系统服务与不同农户生计资本的相关性极强,人力资本对生态系统服务最耦合,农户生计与支持服务耦合协调度最高,库区整体协调发展水平逐年向好。三峡库区生态系统服务对农户生计贡献率大,两者相关性极强,耦合关系明显。

In order to study the coupling relationship between ecosystem services and farmers' livelihood, based on the land use data of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area from 1995 to 2015, combination of the situation of the reservoir area, the equivalent factor table of different ecosystems in China was revised to evaluate the different ecological service values of the reservoir area; the evaluation system of different livelihood capital of farmers was introduced to construct the coupling degree of the reservoir area, the coupling coordination degree model was used to analyze the coupling relationship and spatial distribution between the ecosystem services of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and the livelihood of farmers. The calculation of the contribution rate of each ecosystem service to the livelihood of farmers was discussed, and the factors affecting the livelihood of ecosystem services by farmers were discussed. The results showed that:(1)the highest proportion of ecosystem services and farmers' livelihoods in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area was 65.38%, except for the Yuzhong District and Dadukou District in the tail area of the reservoir area, and the remaining districts and counties were moderately coupled; all districts and counties were gradually approaching from the recession development category to the impending recession, and the counties and counties on the verge of development were reluctant to coordinate development and coordinate the development of districts and counties;(2)the contribution rate of different types of ecosystem services to farmers' livelihoods was different; the agricultural income of rural households in the reservoir area was up to 55.31%;(3)the correlation between the ecosystem services of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area and the livelihood capital of different farmers was extremely strong; the human capital was most coupled to the ecosystem services; the coupling degree of the farmer's livelihood and support services was the highest, and the overall coordinated development level of the reservoir area was improving year by year. Ecosystem services in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area have the large contribution rate to farmers' livelihoods. Ecosystem services and farmers' livelihoods are highly correlated and the coupling relationship is obvious.