2004-2015年贺兰山自然保护区植被NPP时空变化与气候响应
李婷婷1, 马 超1,2, 郭增长2,3

(1.河南理工大学 测绘与国土信息工程学院, 河南 焦作 454003; 2.河南理工大学 自然资源部 矿山时空信息与生态修复重点实验室, 河南 焦作 454003; 3.河南测绘职业学院, 郑州 451464)

宁夏贺兰山自然保护区; 植被净初级生产力(NPP); 生态剖面; 生物量; 气候变化

Response of Spatiotemporal Change of NPP to Climate in Helanshan Mountain Nature Reserve from 2004 to 2015
LI Tingting1, MA Chao1,2, GUO Zengzhang2,3

(1.School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China; 2.Key Laboratory of Spatiotemporal Information and Ecological Restoration of Mines, MNR, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China; 3.Henan College of Surveying and Mapping, Zhengzhou 451464, China)

Helanshan Mountain Nature Reserve; Ningxia; net primary productivity; ecological profile; biomass; climate change

备注

为了揭示宁夏贺兰山自然保护区长时序植被初级净生产力(NPP)变化与气候相关性,基于MOD17A3H NPP数据、SRTM DEM数据和中国气象数据,定量分析了2004—2015年宁夏贺兰山自然保护区植被NPP时空变化特征及其与气候因子的响应。结果 表明:(1)2004—2015年研究区植被平均NPP为97.91 g C/(m2·a),增长速率为0.28 g C/(m2·a),12 a间植被总NPP变化范围为0.32～0.50 Tg C/a。(2)植被NPP具有较强的空间分异性。水平地带性表现为NPP总量整体北部优于南部(0.042 5 Tg C>0.031 6 Tg C),东部优于西部(0.014 5 Tg C>0.007 3 Tg C); 垂直地带性表现为NPP值呈现出针叶林—阔叶林—灌丛—草原—荒漠的垂直景观结构变化,NPP高值集中分布在海拔2 500 m以上的高海拔地区。(3)研究区气候呈冷湿化趋势,气温变化率为-0.01℃/a,降水变化率为2.77 mm/a。植被NPP变化与年降水量呈显著正相关(r=0.646 8,p<0.05),其中草原和灌丛区的植被NPP对降水量响应最强。宁夏贺兰山自然保护区生态结构虽存在缓慢变好趋势,但森林生态系统仍极端脆弱,生态保护工作任重道远。

In order to reveal the correlation between the change of net primary productivity(NPP)and climate in Helanshan Mountain Nature Reserve of Ningxia, spatial and temporal variation of vegetation NPP and its response to climate over Helanshan Mountain Nature Reserve of Ningxia from 2004 to 2015 was quantitatively analyzed on the basis of MOD17A3H NPP data, SRTM DEM data and China Meteorological data. The results showed that:(1)from 2004 to 2015, the average vegetation NPP in the study area was 97.91 g C/(m2·a); the growth rate of vegetation NPP was 0.28 g C/(m2·a); the total NPP variation range was 0.32～0.50 Tg C/a during research period;(2)vegetation NPP had strong spatial heterogeneity; the horizontal zonality analysis indicated that total NPP in the north was better than that in the south(0.042 5 Tg C>0.031 6 Tg C), and that in the east was better than that in the west(0.014 5 Tg C>0.007 3 Tg C); and the vertical zonality analysis indicated that the NPP had characteristics of vertical landscape structure change of coniferous forest-broadleaf forest-shrub-grassland-desert; the high NPP mainly distributed in area above the altitude of 2 500 m;(3)the change trend of climate over study area was from cold to humidification, the annual change rate of temperature was -0.01℃, and the annual change rate of precipitation was 2.77 mm; the vegetation NPP had a significant positive correlation with annual precipitation(r=0.646 8, p<0.05), in detail, vegetation NPP of grassland and shrub area had the strongest response to precipitation. Although the ecological structure of Helanshan Mountain Nature Reserve of Ningxia had the slowly improving trend, the forest ecosystem was still extremely fragile. The ecological protection work will have a long way to go.