当前我国尚未形成统一的生态安全评价指标体系,而且公安机关在生态安全中的作用常常被忽略。为构建具备公安特色、完整统一的生态安全评价指标体系,首先运用文献分析法将生态安全界定为“作为生态主体的人类在与生态环境的相互作用中,具有管理生态风险和生态脆弱性的能力,并且现在和未来的生态环境以及人的生存发展均处于无生态危险或不受生态危险威胁和损害的状态下,具备可持续发展的趋势。”其次将生态安全基本要素归纳为自然生态安全和社会经济生态安全两部分,并在此基础上以世界银行发布的《2019年世界发展报告》为参考,以生态法治为理念,基于DPSIRM模型并结合公安机关在生态安全中的管理作用,构建了包括相关法律法规制度体系健全水平、生态违法犯罪的打击力度及能力、生态执法投资占GDP的比例、生态文明的宣传教育普及率、防控人为生态风险的信息化程度和科技投入五项评价指标在内的44项生态安全评价指标,形成了一套具有公安特色的生态安全评价指标体系,最后以2019年北京的生态安全保护工作为例对模型进行验证,提出完善生态法律法规制度体系; 提高警察生态违法犯罪打击力度和能力; 加强生态宣传与教育; 加大生态执法投资和科技投入等建议。
At present, China has not formed a unified ecological security evaluation index system, and the role of public security organs in ecological security is often overlooked. In order to build a complete and unified ecological security evaluation index system with public security characteristics, first of all, the literature analysis method is used to define ecological security as ‘the human being as the main body of the ecology has the ability to manage ecological risks and ecological vulnerabilities in the interaction with the ecological environment. And the current and future ecological environment and human survival and development are in a state of no ecological danger or threatened and damaged by ecological danger, and have a trend of sustainable development.' Secondly, the basic elements of ecological security are summarized as natural ecological security and Based on the two parts of socio-economic and ecological security, based on the ‘World Development Report 2019' issued by the World Bank, and taking the concept of ecological rule of law as the basis, based on the DPSIRM model and combining the management role of public security organs in ecological security, we have constructed including the level of soundness of relevant laws, regulations and systems, the strength and ability of ecological violations and crimes, the proportion of ecological law enforcement investment in GDP, the popularization rate of ecological civilization propaganda and education, the degree of informatization to prevent and control man-made ecological risks, and five evaluation indicators of scientific and technological investment 44 students including the safety evaluation indicators form a set of ecological security evaluation indicator systems with public security characteristics. Finally, the model of ecological security protection in Beijing in 2019 is used as an example to verify the model, and proposes to improve the ecological laws and regulations system; improve the police's efforts to combat ecological crimes and capacity; strengthen ecological publicity and education; increase investment in ecological law enforcement and investment in science and technology.
