生态系统弹性综合反映生态系统的缓冲和自我调节能力,研究中国生态系统弹性时空演变特征对于中国生态系统健康评估以及生态系统保护政策制定具有重要意义。基于生态系统弹性力评估框架、长时间序列土地利用/覆被变化、植被覆盖度指数以及气候等多源数据测度了2000—2015年间中国生态系统弹性时空演变特征。结果 表明:(1)2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年中国生态系统弹性力分别为0.208,0.201,0.185,0.188,2000—2010年间中国生态系统弹性力总体呈现降低的趋势,生态系统的缓冲和自我调节能力不断弱化,2015年有所改善,总体呈现出先降低后增加的趋势;(2)研究期间中国生态系统弹性力的高值区主要分布中国西南地区的四川、云南、贵州和重庆,其他地区包括太行山、巫山、雪峰山、南岭和武夷山沿线地区同样是生态系统弹性力高值分布区,低值区主要分布在中国的西北地区。研究结果对于相关土地利用政策制定和国土空间规划具有重要指导意义。
Ecosystem resilience comprehensively reflects the cushioning and self-regulating ability of ecosystems. Studying the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of China's ecosystem resilience is of great significance for China's ecosystem health assessment and policy of ecosystem protection. Nevertheless, in previous studies, there have been a few studies on the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the ecosystem resilience at the county level in China. Based on the ecosystem resilience assessment structure, this study had been measuring the spatio-temporal evolution of China's ecosystem resilience from 2000 to 2015 based on long-term sequence land use/cover change, vegetation coverage index, and climate data. The study results show that:(1)In 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, China's ecosystem resilience was 0.208, 0.201, 0.185 and 0.188, respectively. China's ecosystem resilience has generally declined from 2000 to 2010, and the self-regulation of ecosystems have been weakened, but improved slightly in 2015;(2)The high-level counties of ecosystem resilience during the study period are mainly distributed in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and Chongqing in the southwest of China, other counties including Taihang Mountain, Wushan, Xuefeng Mountain, Nanling and Wuyishan are also high-level counties of ecosystem resilience; and low-level counties of ecosystem resilience are mainly distributed in the northwest of China. The results of this study have vital implications for the policy of land use making and spatial planning of national land.
