为了探讨等高反坡阶整地措施对红壤坡耕地农田耗水及水量平衡的影响,于2017年5月—2018年9月期间,通过野外定位监测大气降雨量、农田蒸发量等指标,利用双作物系数法获得农作物耗水规律,进一步探究了农田的水量平衡特征。结果 表明:与对照样地相比,布设有等高反坡台阶的样地整个生长期的玉米耗水量减少7%～12%,作物蒸散量减少8%～12%,作物蒸腾量与总耗水量的比例为64%～70%,比未布设的样地增加了28.7%～30.1%。此外,布设有反坡台阶的坡耕地土壤水分利用量要大于未布设的坡耕地。试验表明等高反坡阶可以提高水分的利用效率,减少土壤水分的蒸发,具有蓄水、节水的作用。
In order to explore the effect of contour reversed terrace preparation on water consumption and water balance in red soil sloping farmland, during the period from May 2017 to September 2018, atmospheric rainfall, farmland evaporation and other indicators were monitored through field positioning, and the pattern of crop water consumption was obtained by using the double crop coefficient method, the characteristics of farmland water balance was further explored. The results showed that the plot with contour reversed terrace preparation reduced the water consumption of corn by 7%～12%, evapotranspiration by 8%～12%, and the ratio of crop transpiration to total water consumption was 64%～70% which is 28.7%～30.1% higher than that of the plot without contour reversed terrace preparation compared with the control plot. In addition, the amount of soil water use of sloping farmland with contour reversed terrace was larger than that of sloping farmland without contour reversed terrace preparation. The contour reversed terrace preparation can improve the water use efficiency, reduce the evaporation of soil water, and has the functions of water storage and water saving.
