为了系统研究河岸带建设方式对坡面流水动力特性的影响,利用野外径流冲刷试验,在6种建设方式、3种流量条件下对河岸带坡面流水动力学参数变化特征进行了分析,阐明河岸带建设方式与坡面流速、流态以及阻力系数的关系。结果 表明:坡面流雷诺数受河岸带建设方式影响较小,受单宽流量影响较显著。河岸带建设方式及冲刷流量对弗劳德数、流速、阻力系数影响显著,弗劳德数及阻力特性会随着冲刷流量的增大而降低,流速反之。河岸带建设方式能够有效地提高坡面阻力系数,工程建设措施优于纯植被建设措施,选取的两种工程建设措施中生态球建设措施要优于生态袋建设措施。研究可为河岸带生态护岸建设方案提供理论依据。
In order to systematically study the influence of the riparian construction models on the hydrodynamic characteristics of overland flow, the field scouring simulation experiments were carried out in the riparian zone of north Zhejiang Province. The variations of hydrodynamic parameters of overland flow such as flow velocity and runoff depth were determined at 6 construction models and 3 flow rates. The results show that the Reynolds number is less affected by the construction mode of the riparian zone, and it is more affected by the unit discharge; the riparian construction model and the flow rate have the significant influence on the Froude number, the flow velocity, and the resistance coefficient; the Froude number and the resistance coefficient will decrease as the flow rate increases, and the flow velocity is reversed; the riparian construction model can effectively improve the slope resistance coefficient; the engineering construction models are better than the pure vegetation construction models; the eco-concrete ball construction model is better in the two engineering construction models. These results can provide the theoretical basis for the ecological construction program of the riparian zone.
