耕地的产能水平和健康状况是保障粮食安全和可持续发展的基础,对耕地健康产能进行研究,有利于指导优质耕地优先划入基本农田,全面落实耕地数量、质量、生态“三位一体”保护。在梳理土壤健康、耕地产能等研究基础上,界定耕地健康产能的内涵,并将生物活性、作物品质、系统弹性等指标纳入耕地健康产能评价指标体系,运用加权求和法、“1+X”累加模型、连乘积法、叠加法等方法对研究区进行了实证研究。结果 表明:研究区耕地产能呈现出由东北地区向西南地区逐渐降低的趋势,耕地健康产能评价结果与耕地健康诊断结果具有相似的规律性,研究区耕地健康产能总体状况良好,级别较低的耕地主要分布在研究区的南部及S湖沿岸,南部大部分为丘陵区,土壤养分含量低,基础设施不完善,产能较低,又由于产业结构和S湖污染的影响,耕地重金属污染严重,导致耕地多为不健康类型。建立的评价指标体系能够反映研究区耕地健康产能的实际情况,能为县域耕地健康产能评价提供借鉴。今后还应重点研究其他尺度的评价指标体系,探索提升耕地健康产能的措施,建立长期的监测网络,为永久基本农田划定和耕地保护提供决策依据。
The cultivated land productivity and the health status of cultivated land are the basis for ensuring food security and sustainable development. Study on the healthy productivity of cultivated land is beneficial to guide high-quality cultivated land to be preferentially allocated to basic farmland and comprehensively implement the quantity, quality and ecological protection of cultivated land. Based on the research of soil health and cultivated land productivity, we defines the connotation of the healthy productivity of cultivated land, and the indicators of biological activity, crop quality and system elasticity were included in the evaluation index system. We used the weighted summation method, the ‘1+X' accumulation model, the continuous product method, the superposition method to conduct empirical research on the study area. The productivity of cultivated land in the study area shows the trend of decreasing from the northeast to the southwest. The results of cultivated land health productivity and cultivated land health diagnosis have similar regularity. The overall healthy productivity of cultivated land in the study area is in good condition. The lower-grade cultivated land mainly distributes in the southern part of the study area and along the ‘S' lake. Most of the cultivated land in the south is located in the hilly area, the soil nutrient content is low and the infrastructure is imperfect, resulting in lower productivity, and heavy metal pollution in cultivated land is serious due to industrial structure and the impact of ‘S' Lake pollution, resulting in most unhealthy irrigated land. The evaluation index system established in this study can reflect the actual situation of the cultivated land healthy productivity in the study area, and can provide some references for the evaluation of the cultivated land healthy productivity at the county scale. In the future, the study should focus on the evaluation system of different scales, exploring measures to improve the healthy productivity of cultivated land, and establishing a long-term monitoring network to provide decision-making basis for permanent basic farmland delineation and farmland protection.
