近年来气候变化已经严重影响了人类的生存与发展,同时也导致区域植被覆盖度的变化,研究太行山区的气候变化及其对植被覆盖度的影响为该区域气象预测以及生态环境保护提供有力的技术支撑。利用1973—2018年太行山区域内18个基准气象监测站点的日平均气温和日降水量数据,结合太行山区气温突变点前后10 a(1986—2005年)GIMMS NDVI数据,采用趋势分析法、累积距平分析、Mann-Kendall突变检验法,基于ArcGIS等平台分析了太行山区气温与降水时空变化及其对植被覆盖度的影响。结果 表明:近50年来,在时间尺度上,太行山区气温上升趋势显著,降水无明显上升趋势。太行山区气温在1995年出现突变点。在空间分布上,气温变化受海拔影响较为明显,整体呈现上升趋势。降水总体表现自东北向西南逐渐递减的趋势。结合太行山区气温突变点前后10 a NDVI数据分析发现,太行山区NDVI总体变化具有明显波动性,气温对植被覆盖水平的变化存在区域差异性,在一定程度上也说明气温突变点对NDVI变化几乎不存在明显影响。
In recent years, climate change has seriously affected the survival and development of human beings, and it also led to changes in regional vegetation coverage. Studying the climate change in Taihang Mountainous Areas and its relationship with vegetation coverage provides a powerful force for meteorological prediction and ecological environmental protection in the region. Based on daily average temperature and daily precipitation data of 18 benchmark meteorological monitoring stations in the Taihang Mountainous Areas from 1973 to 2018, combing with the GIMMS NDVI data of the ten years(1986—2005)before and after the temperature change point, using trend analysis method, the theory of flat analysis, Mann-Kendall mutation test, we analyzed the temporal and spatial variation of temperature and precipitation in Taihang Mountainous Areas and its impact on vegetation coverage. The results showed that in the past 50 years, on the time scale, the temperature rise trend was significant, and the precipitation had no obvious upward trend; temperatures in the Taihang Mountainous Areas showed a sudden change in 1995; in terms of spatial distribution, temperature changes were significantly affected by altitude, and the temperature presentd the overall rising trend; The overall performance of precipitation in Taihang Mountainous Areas gradually declined from northeast to southwest. Based on the analysis on NDVI data during ten years before temperature change point and ten years after temperature change point in Taihang Mountainous Areas, it was found that the overall change of NDVI in Taihang Mountainous Areas had obvious volatility, and the effect to temperature to the change of vegetation coverage level had a regional difference, indicating that the temperature change point did not exist significant impact on NDVI to a certain extent.
