氮沉降对细根分解影响的研究进展

(1.西北农林科技大学 林学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100; 2.西北农林科技大学 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100)

氮沉降; 细根分解; 交互作用; 陆地生态系统

Advances in the Effect of Nitrogen Deposition on Fine Root Decomposition
WANG Guangyi1, SHANGGUAN Zhouping2, FANG Yan2

(1.College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; 2.State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China)

nitrogen deposition; fine root decomposition; interaction; terrestrial ecosystems

备注

随着人类干扰的加剧,大气中氮沉降量迅速增加,并显著影响生态系统碳循环过程。细根分解不但是陆地生态系统重要的碳汇和矿质养分库,也是土壤碳及养分的主要来源,对陆地生态系统物质和能量循环具有重要意义。细根分解是植物、土壤动物、微生物及土壤微生态系统间复杂的互作过程,氮沉降对细根分解速率的影响较为复杂,系统深入地研究氮沉降下植物、土壤动物、微生物与土壤微生态系统的相互作用方式与机理,对探索定向调控细根分解过程、预测生态系统对全球变化的响应具有重要的指导意义。对细根分解对大气氮沉降的响应进行了全面总结,系统分析和详细描述了氮沉降对细根分解关键因素的影响,及氮沉降对细根分解影响的机理; 总结了目前细根分解研究中存在的问题,并对未来重点研究方向进行了展望,以期为深入研究氮沉降与陆地生态系统碳循环间的交互作用及反馈机制提供参考。

Atmospheric nitrogen deposition has increased in the last several decades due to anthropogenic activities. Increasing nitrogen deposition has become an important factor regulating carbon cycle in global ecosystems. Fine root decomposition acts as an important carbon pool and a nutrient pool as well as the main sources of soil carbon and mineral nutrient in terrestrial ecosystems. Fine root decomposition also serves roles in interactions among plant, soil animal, microorganism and rhizospheric microecology. The effect of nitrogen deposition on fine root decomposition is complicated. Research on fine root decomposition mediated by nitrogen deposition has the important implications for elucidating the functions of rhizospheric microecology and predicting the response of ecosystems to global change. In this paper, the response of fine root decomposition to atmospheric nitrogen deposition is comprehensively summarized. The effects of nitrogen deposition on key factors affecting fine root decomposition are systematically analyzed. The underlying mechanisms of nitrogen deposition on fine root decomposition were discussed. The problems and shortcomings in the current research are analyzed, and the future research directions are prospected in order to provide the reference for further research on the feedback mechanism and interaction between nitrogen deposition and the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems.