6种连翘属植物在第四纪红壤上的生长适应性比较
刘 荃1,2, 陈秀龙1,2, 郭利平2, 黄宏胜1, 沈发兴2,3, 葛佩琳2, 赵佳鼎2

(1.江西农业大学 江西省鄱阳湖流域农业资源与生态重点实验室,南昌 330045; 2.江西省水土保持科学研究院江西省土壤侵蚀与防治重点实验室,南昌 330029; 3.江西农业大学 江西省森林培育重点实验室,南昌 330045)

连翘; 存活率; 地带性红壤; 种植措施; 综合评价法

Comparison of the Growth Adaptation of Six Forsythia Species in the Quaternary Red Soil of South China
LIU Quan1,2, CHEN Xiulong1,2, GUO Liping2, HUANG Hongsheng1, SHEN Faxing2,3, GE Peilin2, ZHAO Jiading2

(1.Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Watershed Agricultural Resources and Ecology of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; 2.Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang 330029, China; 3.Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Silviculture, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China)

Forsythia suspense; survival rate; zonal red soil; planting measure; comprehensive evaluation method

备注

为了丰富南方红壤侵蚀区水土保持植物资源库和改善其脆弱生态环境,以连翘(Forsythia suspensa)、秦连翘(Forsythia giraldiana)、卵叶连翘(Forsythia ovata)、东北连翘(Forsythia mandshurica)、金钟花(Forsythia viridissima)和垂枝连翘(Forsythia suspensa Vahl. var. sieboldii Zabel)6种连翘为试材,在南方第四纪红壤上开展了扦插种植试验; 通过调查100 d后的幼苗成活率及植株生长状况,评估了它们的生长适应性。结果 表明:(1)垂枝连翘平均存活率最高,达86.9%,其次为金钟花与连翘,分别为60.3%,56.5%; 石灰表施、塑料覆膜、地膜+石灰表施3种种植措施可显著影响连翘属植物的成活率。(2)连翘品种对地下/地上生长指标均具有极显著的影响,而种植措施仅对地上部叶片具有极显著的影响,二者交互作用对除根系总长以外的3个生长指标均具有极显著的影响。金钟花的根系干重、根系总长、叶片干重和叶面积等指标值均最大,其次是连翘,而卵叶连翘所有指标均最小。(3)采用模糊数学隶属函数值法评价连翘属适应性结果表明:金钟花属于高度适应,连翘与垂枝连翘属于中度适应,秦连翘、东北连翘和卵叶连翘属于弱适应。因此,金钟花、连翘和垂枝连翘在第四纪红壤上引种栽种比较合适。

In order to enrich the plant resource pool of soil and water conservation and improve its fragile ecological environment in eroded red soil area of South China, the growth adaptability of Forsythia, a fine eco-economic shrub, was studied in this area. Forsythia suspense, Forsythia giraldiana, Forsythia ovata, Forsythia mandshurica, Forsythia viridissima and Forsythia suspensa Vahl. var. sieboldii Zabel were selected as experimental plants, their cutting seedlings were planted in Quaternary red soil of southern China. Based on the investigation of survival rate and surviving seedling growth status after 100 days, we evaluate their growth adaptability in Quaternary red soil in southern China. The results show that:(1)under the four planting measures, the average survival rate of F. suspense Vahl. var. sieboldii Zabel is the highest(86.9%), followed by F. viridissima and F. suspense, which are 60.3% and 56.5%, respectively; three planting measures such as plastic mulching(PM), lime treatment(LT), combination of lime and plastic mulching(LPT)can significantly affect the survival rate of Forsythia plants;(2)varieties of Forsythia have very significant effects on underground/aboveground growth indexes, while planting measures only have very significant effects on aboveground leaves, their interaction has very significant effects on three growth indexes except the total root length; moreover, statistical results of underground/aboveground growth indices of surviving seedlings of Forsythia show that the root dry weight, total root length, leaf dry weight and leaf area of F. viridissima are the largest, followed by Forsythia suspensa, while all indices of F. ovata are the smallest;(3)the comprehensive evaluation of adaptability of Forsythia suspensa shows that F. viridissima belongs to high adaptability, Forsythia suspensa and F. suspense Vahl. var. sieboldii Zabel belong to moderate adaptability, while F. giraldiana, F. ovata, F. mandshurica and F. viridissima have relatively poor adaptability. These results can provide scientific basis for the introduction and cultivation of Forsythia plants in the eroded red soil area of southern China.