为了明析落后地区耕地生态效率及影响因子,实现资源节约和生态保护的协调发展,基于2007年、2012年、2017年吕梁山区各县域面板数据,采用超效率SBM模型测算了县域耕地生态效率,揭示其时空演变特征,并利用地理探测器模型探究了耕地生态效率的影响因素。结果 表明:2007—2017年研究区的耕地生态效率呈上升趋势,且阶段特征明显,其中2007—2012年,多数县域耕地生态效率上升缓慢,2012—2017年多数县域的上升幅度较大,但多数县域耕地生态效率处于较低的状态,提升空间较大。研究区县域耕地生态效率的空间差异不断缩小,但耕地生态效率在空间上不具有显著相关性,表明各县域发展相对独立。研究区耕地生态效率是社会经济因素和自然因素综合作用的结果,其中经济水平、人口规模、劳动力和降水量的决定性较强,降水量作为区域耕地生态效率的支撑条件,加之区域经济发展,耕地生态效率将得到进一步的提升。
In order to clarify the ecological efficiency and influencing factors of cultivated land in backward areas and realize the coordinated development of resource conservation and ecological protection, based on the panel data of the counties in Lüliang Mountain Area in 2007, 2012 and 2017, the super-efficiency SBM model was used to calculate the ecological efficiency of cultivated land in the counties, to reveal its temporal and spatial evolution features, and to explore the influencing factors of the ecological efficiency of cultivated land by using the geographic detector model. The results showed that ecological efficiency of cultivated land in the study area presented an upward trend, and the stage features were obvious from 2007 to 2017; from 2007 to 2012, the ecological efficiency of cultivated land in most counties increased slowly, and from 2012 to 2017, the increase of that in most counties was larger. However, the ecological efficiency of cultivated land in most counties was at a low state, and there was still a large space for improvement. The spatial difference of cultivated land ecological efficiency in the study area was shrinking, but the spatial correlation of cultivated land ecological efficiency was not significant, which indicated that the development of each county was relatively independent. The ecological efficiency of cultivated land in the study area was the result of the comprehensive effect of socio-economic and natural factors. The economic level, population size, labor force and precipitation were more decisive. The arable land ecological efficiency will be further improved because of the precipitation serving as the supporting condition of the ecological efficiency of cultivated land and the regional economic development.
