首先基于“国家公顷”对生态足迹模型参数进行本土化探索,测算了长三角城市群4个城市(上海、杭州、南京,合肥)2006—2016年的人均生态足迹及人均生态承载力等参数,并融合多种指数对研究区的可持续状况进行了评价与分析。结果 显示:2006—2016年这4个城市人均生态足迹和生态压力指数均呈现上升趋势,表明人类活动对自然生态系统压力在增大; 单位万元GDP生态足迹在下降,说明对资源的利用效率在提高; 4个城市的生态可持续指数均在0.2以下,属于强不可持续状态。通过研究可知近些年来这4个城市人类活动对资源存在过度消耗行为,生态系统正承受着巨大的压力,区域的可持续发展状况不乐观,需要采取相关措施,使之朝着可持续方向发展。
Firstly, the parameters of ecological footprint model were explored locally based on ‘national hectare', and the per capita ecological footprint and per capita ecological carrying capacity of four cities in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration(Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Hefei)from 2006 to 2016 were calculated. Then, the sustainable situation of the study area was evaluated and analyzed by some indexes. The results show that the ecological footprint per capita and the ecological pressure index of the four cities presented the rising trend from 2006 to 2016, indicating that the pressure of human activities on natural ecosystems was increasing; the ecological footprint per 10 000 yuan GDP was decreasing, indicating that the utilization efficiency of resources was improving; the ecological sustainability index of the four cities was below 0.2, which belonged to a strong unsustainable state. Through the research, we can see that in recent years, human activities in these four cities have excessive consumption of resources. Ecosystem is under tremendous pressure. The sustainable development of the region is not optimistic, and relevant measures need to be taken to make it develop in a sustainable direction.
