科尔沁沙地南缘不同林草措施根系对土壤抗冲性的影响

(1.辽宁工程技术大学 环境科学与工程学院, 辽宁 阜新 123000; 2.辽宁工程技术大学 水土保持生态修复研究院, 辽宁 阜新 123000; 3.杭州大地科技有限公司, 杭州 310004; 4.辽宁省风沙地改良利用研究所, 辽宁 彰武 123203; 5.国有彰武县章古台林场, 辽宁 彰武 123203)

辽西北风沙地; 土壤抗侵蚀性; 植物根系; 原状土冲刷

Effects of Root System of Different Forest and Grass Measures on Soil Anti-Scouring in Southern Margin of Horqin Sandy Land
QU Dongxu1,2, LYU Gang1,2, ZHAI Jingxuan3, WANG Fengbai4,ZHANG Zhuo5, JIN Zhaoliang1,2, ZHENG Yang1,2, LYU Jinhao1,2

(1.College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, Liaoning 123000, China; 2.Research Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Ecological Rehabilitation, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, Liaoning 123000, China; 3.Hangzhou Dadi Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310004, China; 4.Liaoning Province Wind and Sand Land Improvement and Utilization Research Institute, Zhangwu, Liaoning 123203, China; 5.State-Owned Zhangwu County Zhanggutai Forest Farm, Zhangwu, Liaoning 123203, China)

Northwest Liaoning windy and sandy land; soil erosion resistance; plant roots; scouring of undisturbed soil

备注

为了探明沙地植被根系对土壤抗冲性的影响机理,以科尔沁沙地南缘不同林草措施为研究对象,采用野外采样和原状土冲刷相结合的方法,分析了不同林草措施根系分布特征及其对土壤抗冲性的影响。结果 表明:风沙地不同林草措施下以3)>樟子松林地(8.02 cm/cm3)>灌木林地(7.03 cm/cm3)>荒草地(4.48 cm/cm3)>花生地(3.89 cm/cm3),不同径级根系在土壤中的分布存在较大的空间变异性。根系重密度大小表现为杨树林地、樟子松林地、花生地、灌木林地、荒草地,根生物量与根系总根长密度大小表现为同样趋势; 土壤抗冲性强化值表现为樟子松林地(0.786 4 L·min/g)>杨树林地(0.758 4 L·min/g)>灌木林地(0.458 4 L·min/g)>荒草地(0.296 4 L·min/g)>花生地(0.064 L·min/g),土壤抗冲性能强化百分率大小为樟子松林地、杨树林地、灌木林地、荒草地、花生地; 土壤抗冲性强化值与根系径级3 mm的根系长度呈显著线性负相关。1~3 mm根系是影响土壤抗冲性的主要因素。根系径级3 mm是根系长度对土壤抗冲性强化影响的阈值。林地的抗冲性增强效果最好,建议推广使用。

In order to prove the mechanism of the influence of vegetation root system on soil anti-scouribility in sandy land, different forest and grass measures in southern margin of Horqin sandy land were taken as the research samples, and the root distribution characteristics of different forest and grass measures and their effects on soil anti-scouribility were analyzed by combining field sampling with soil erosion test. The results showed that under different forest and grass measures in sandy land, the root length and density ofPinus sylvestris var>shurb land>unused grassland>Arachis hypogaea Linn, besides, the distribution of root system in different diameter classes had greater spatial variability in soil, root density decreased in the order: Populus L.>Pinus sylvestris>Arachis hypogaea Linn.>shurb land>bare sand, root biomass showed the same trend as the root density; reinforcement value of soil anti-scouribility decreased in the order: Pinus sylvestris>Populus L.>shurb land>bare sand>Arachis hypogaea Linn., percentages of soil anti-scouribility enhancement decreased in the order: Pinus sylvestris>Populus L.>shurb land>bare sand>Arachis hypogaea Linn; the soil anti-scouribility reinforcement value was positively correlated with lengths of roots with diameters of 3 mm. root system with 1~3 mm in diameter is the main factor affecting soil anti-scouribility. The root with 3 mm in diameter is the threshold of the effect of root length on soil anti-scouribility reinforcement. Effect of forestland on reinforcement of soil anti-scouribility was significant. Therefore, it is suggested that the forestland should be increased.