HUANG Jiangang,LIU Huiying.Precipitation Characteristics of Gongshui Basin in the Primary Source of Ganjiang Basin During the Period 1957-2016[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2020,27(03):91-100.
赣江主源贡水流域1957-2016年降雨特性
- Title:
- Precipitation Characteristics of Gongshui Basin in the Primary Source of Ganjiang Basin During the Period 1957-2016
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2020)03-0091-10
- Keywords:
- precipitation characteristics; trend and abrupt change analysis; Gongshui basin; Ganjiang Basin
- 分类号:
- P426.6
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- 基于赣江主源贡水流域内33个雨量站1957—2016年逐日降雨资料,采用线性回归、Sen's斜率估计、累积距平法、Mann-Kendall趋势检验、Pettitt突变检验和小波分析等研究方法,对各站降雨量和流域面雨量序列进行了多时间尺度特性分析。结果表明:流域60年来多年平均降雨量1 647.38 mm,且以1.39 mm/a速率增大,无显著趋势和突变,存在32 a的周期变化。季节上,春季降雨最多,占全年的40.15%,冬季最少,仅为13.40%; 秋季降雨量变化以-0.41 mm/a速率缓慢下降; 春、夏、秋、冬的增长速率分别为0.15 mm/a,0.76 mm/a,-0.41 mm/a,0.88 mm/a,变化均不显著。月尺度上,5月和6月降雨最多,分别占年降雨量的16.27%,16.20%,12月最少,仅为3.00%,降雨趋势显著增加的月份为8月,显著减小的月份为10月。空间分布上,年降雨高值中心位于东部支流绵江洋地站,低值中心位于西南部支流濂水龙头站; 降雨量在年、春、夏尺度上自东向西、自北向南递减,梅江、琴江、绵江流域降雨量呈上升趋势,濂水、湘水流域降水量呈下降趋势。研究结果对流域水资源规划、调度及山洪灾害预警具有参考意义。
- Abstract:
- Based on the daily rainfall data of 33 rain-measuring stations of Gongshui Basin of main source of Ganjiang River during 1957—2016, the multi-time scale characteristics of rainfall were analyzed by using linear regression method, Sen's slope estimation method, accumulated anomaly, Mann-Kendall trend tests, Pettitt tests and wavelet analysis methods. The results showed that the average annual rainfall of Gongshui Basin was 1 647.38 mm in the past 60 years, which increased at a rate of 1.39 mm/year. During this period, there was no significant trend and abrupt change, but there was the 32-year periodic change. The rainfall in spring accounted for 40.15% of the whole rainfall, while rainfall in winter is the least one, and only accounted for 13.40% of the whole rainfall. The change rates of spring, summer, autumn and winter were 0.15 mm/year, 0.76 mm/year, -0.41 mm/year and 0.88 mm/year, respectively. Intra-year, the most rainfall occurred in May and June, accounting for 16.27% and 16.20% of the whole rainfall, respectively, while rainfall was mininum in December, accounting for only 3% of the whole rainfall. Rainfall in August presented the significantly increasing trend, while the rainfall in October significantly decreased(α=0.10). Spatially, the region with the highest rainfall is located at Yangdi station of Mianjiang sub-basin in the eastern part of basin, while the region with lowest rainfall is located at Longtou station of Lianshui sub-basin in the southwestern part of basin. The spatial distribution shows that the annual rainfall decreases from east to west and from north to south, spring and summer. The trends of rainfall in the Meijiang, Mianjiang and Qinjiang sub-basins are on the rise, while that in the Lianshui and Xiangshui basins are on the decline. The study has a very important reference meaning for the planning and scheduling water resources, warning mountain flood disaster.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2019-06-03 修回日期:2019-06-29资助项目:江西省教育厅科研项目“定量评价赣江流域上游土地覆被变化对水沙关系的影响”(GJJ161098); 国家自然资助项目“水利工程和水工保持措施对赣江上游水沙关系影响的定量研究”(41761058)第一作者:黄建刚(1997—),男,江西上栗县人,学士,水文学与水资源工程专业。huangjg1997@126.com通信作者:刘惠英(1973—),女,陕西凤翔县人,副教授,主要研究方向流域水沙变化和水体监测方面研究。E-mail:huiyingliu@nit.edu.cn