FAN Yuanyuan,LI Yi,LI Qidi.Microbe, Enzymatic Activity and Nutrient Contents of Soils in Different Stand Ages of Pinus tabuliformis[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2019,26(06):58-64.
不同林龄油松土壤微生物、酶活性和养分特征
- Title:
- Microbe, Enzymatic Activity and Nutrient Contents of Soils in Different Stand Ages of Pinus tabuliformis
- 分类号:
- Q154
- 摘要:
- 对不同林龄油松林根际和非根际土壤养分、酶活性和微生物数量进行了研究。结果表明：（1）油松林的土壤pH处于偏弱酸性，根际和非根际土壤pH随着油松林龄的增长表现出先降低后增加趋势，在成熟林阶段达到最低，不同生长阶段油松根际土壤pH显著低于非根际土壤pH（p<0.05）。（2）土壤中根际和非根际有机碳、全氮、有效磷和有效钾含量呈一致的变化趋势，随着油松林龄的增长表现出先增加后降低趋势，在成熟林阶段达到最大值，其中幼林、中林和成熟林根际有机碳、全氮、有效磷和有效钾含量显著高于非根际（p<0.05），过熟林根际有机碳、全氮、有效钾和有效磷含量与非根际差异并不显著（p>0.05）。（3）土壤中根际和非根际土壤酶活性（蔗糖酶活性、碱性磷酸酶活性、脲酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性）和微生物群落多样性（物种丰富度指数、均匀度指数、优势度指数、碳源利用指数）呈一致的变化趋势，随着油松林龄的增长表现出先增加后降低趋势，在成熟林阶段达到最大值，其中幼林、中林和成熟林根际土壤酶活性和微生物群落多样性显著高于非根际（p<0.05），过熟林根际土壤酶活性和微生物群落多样性与非根际差异并不显著（p>0.05）。（4）油松根际土壤微生物总数高于非根际，其中细菌数目所占比例最高，放线菌数目所占比例最低。（5）相关性分析表明，土壤pH与土壤微生物群落功能多样性各指标呈负相关，土壤有机碳和全氮、蔗糖酶活性、碱性磷酸酶活性、细菌数目、微生物总数与土壤微生物群落功能多样性各指标呈显著的相关性。由此可知，土壤pH对土壤微生物群落功能多样性贡献为负，土壤养分、土壤酶活性和微生物数量对土壤微生物群落功能多样性起到正调节作用，其中土壤有机碳和全氮、蔗糖酶活性、碱性磷酸酶活性、细菌数目和微生物总数是土壤微生物群落多样性的主要影响因子。
- Abstract:
- We studied the soil microbe, enzyme activity and nutrients of soil in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere in different stand ages of Pinus tabuliformis in Minjiang River valley. The results showed that:(1) the soil pH of Pinus tabulata was slight acidity, and the organic carbon contents in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere showed a trend of decreasing and then increasing with the increase of ages of Pinus tabulata, and reached the lowest at the mature stage; the pH of the rhizosphere soil in different growth stages was significantly lower than that in the non-rhizosphere soil (p<0.05); (2) in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere, the contents of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium presented the consistent with the trend which showed the increase at first, and then the decrease, and reached up to the peak values in the mature forest stage with the increase of the ages of Pinus tabulaeformis, rhizosphere the contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the rhizosphere of young forest, middle forest and mature forest were significantly higher than those of the non-rhizosphere (p<0.05), the contents of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium in the rhizosphere of the aged forest were not significant difference from those of the non-rhizosphere (p>0.05); (3) soil enzyme activities (sucrase activity, the activity of alkaline phosphatase, urease activity and catalase activity) and microbial community diversity, species richness index, evenness index, dominance index, carbon source utilization index) in the rhizosphere and non-hizosphere were consistent with the trend which showed the increase at first, and then the decrease, reached up to the peak values in the mature forest stage, soil enzyme activities and microbial community diversity in rhizosphere of young forest, middle forest and mature forest were significantly higher than those of the non-rhizosphere (p<0.05), there was no significant difference in enzyme activity and microbial community diversity between rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil of the aged forest (p>0.05); (4) because of the influence of microbial community on slightly rhizospheric secretion, the microbe amounts of Pinus tabulaeformis rhizosphere were higher than those of the non-rhizosphere, the proportion of bacteria to the total microbe in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere was the highest, the proportion of actinomycete to the total microbe in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere was the least; (5) correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between the functional diversity of soil microbial community and soil pH, which was significantly correlated with soil organic carbon and total nitrogen, sucrase activity, alkaline phosphatase activity, number of bacteria and total number of microorganisms; therefore, soil pH negatively contributed to soil microbial community functional diversity, and soil nutrient, soil enzyme activity and microbial quantity had the positive contribution to soil microbial community functional diversity, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen, invertase activity, alkaline phosphatase activity, number of bacteria and the total number of microorganisms are the main influence factors on the soil microbial community diversity.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2019-03-11;改回日期:2019-03-22。
基金项目:山东省教育厅重点课题"人工林土壤微生物活性及其生态环境效应"（XH471287-3）
作者简介:范媛媛(1985-),女,山东济南人,硕士,讲师,研究方向:微生物学。E-mail:yuanyuan8590@163.com
通讯作者:李懿(1981-),男,四川成都人,博士,助理研究员,研究方向:微生物学、资源与环境微生物。E-mail:Leeyii_811@163.com