[1]陈静,张建国,赵英,等.秸秆和生物炭添加对关中地区玉米-小麦轮作农田温室气体排放的影响[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(05):170-178.
　CHEN Jing,ZHANG Jianguo,ZHAO Ying,et al.Effects of Straw and Biochar Amendment on Greenhouse Gases Emission in Wheat-Maize Rotation Cropland in Guanzhong Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,25(05):170-178.
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秸秆和生物炭添加对关中地区玉米-小麦轮作农田温室气体排放的影响

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 25 期数: 2018年05期 页码: 170-178 栏目: 出版日期: 2018-09-06
Title:
Effects of Straw and Biochar Amendment on Greenhouse Gases Emission in Wheat-Maize Rotation Cropland in Guanzhong Area
作者:
陈静1,2, 张建国1,2, 赵英1,2, 张阿凤1,2, 成功1,2, 冯浩2,3
1. 西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院, 陕西 杨陵 712100;
2. 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
3. 中国科学院 水利部 水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100
Author(s):
CHEN Jing1,2, ZHANG Jianguo1,2, ZHAO Ying1,2, ZHANG Afeng1,2, CHENG Gong1,2, FENG Hao2,3
1. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling 712100, China;
3. Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
关键词:
秸秆还田; 生物炭添加; 玉米-小麦轮作; 温室气体; 净增温潜势; 关中地区
Keywords:
straw amendment; biochar application; maize-wheat rotation; greenhouse gases; net global warming potential; Guanzhong Area
分类号:
S314
摘要:
为探讨玉米-小麦轮作农田秸秆和生物炭添加的固碳减排效应，以关中地区典型玉米-小麦轮作农田为研究区域，采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法监测了秸秆和生物炭添加后土壤CO2，CH4和N2O排放的动态变化。设常规施肥（N）、施基肥和添加4 t/hm2秸秆还田（NS）、施基肥和添加4 t/hm2生物炭（NBClow）、施基肥和添加8 t/hm2生物炭（NBChigh）和对照（CK）既不施肥也不施有机物料5个处理。结果表明：（1）与N处理相比，NS处理的农田土壤N2O排放总量没有显著变化，添加生物炭降低了土壤N2O年排放总量，NBClow和NBChigh处理分别降低了13.21%和23.75%。（2）与N处理相比，NS处理的农田土壤CO2年排放总量增加了44.07%，添加8 t/hm2生物炭降低了CO2年排放总量，NBChigh处理降低了9.94%。（3）与N处理相比，NS处理的CH4年排放总量增加了42.32%。NBClow和NBChigh处理CH4年排放总量分别增加了76.38%和73.23%。（4）秸秆还田和生物炭添加均提高了作物产量，与N处理相比，NS，NBClow和NBChigh处理的年产量分别提高了13.73%，20.37%和7.56%；NBChigh处理比NBClow处理年产量降低了10.64%；与N处理相比，NS，NBClow和NBChigh处理的小麦产量分别提高了22.36%，25.41%和14.06%；NS，NBChigh处理的玉米产量分别提高了5.40%和15.50%。（5）添加生物炭降低了净增温潜势，与N处理相比，NBClow和NBChigh处理分别降低了33.59，48.33 t/hm2，单位产量的净增温潜势分别降低了2.53，4.21 t/t。综上所述，添加4 t/hm2生物炭更有利于玉米-小麦轮作农田系统的固碳减排和产量的提高。
Abstract:
In order to reveal the effects of straw and biochar amendment on greenhouse gases (GHG) emission and crop yield, the farmland ecosystem of maize-wheat rotation in Guanzhong Plain of China was taken as the study area. The annual GHG emissions (CO2, CH4, and N2 O) from a wheat-maize rotation system with straw and biochar amendment were monitored using the static opaque chamber and gas chromatography technique. Five field treatments in the study including conventional fertilization (N), fertilization and 4 t/hm2 straw (NS) amendment, fertilization and 4 t/hm2 biochar (NBClow) amendment, fertilization and 8 t/hm2 biochar (NBChigh) amendment. CK was without straw, biochar and fertilizer. The results showed that:(1) compared with N treatment, annual N2 O emission decreased by 13.21% and 23.75% under NBClow and NBChigh treatment, respectively, and no significant difference was observed under straw application; (2) compared with N treatment, annual CO2 emission increased by 44.06% under NS treatment, but decreased by 9.94% under NBChigh treatment; (3) compared with N treatment, annual CH4 emission increased by 42.32%, 76.38% and 73.23%, respectively, under NS, NBClow and NBChigh treatment; (4) yield increased by 13.73%, 20.37% and 7.56%, respectively, under NS, NBClow and NBChigh treatment as compared to N treatment, and decreased by 10.64% under NBChigh treatment as compared to NBClow treatment; (5) the NGWP decreased by 33.59 t/hm2 and 48.33 t/hm2, respectively, under NBClow and NBChigh treatment as compared to N treatment, and the NGHGI decreased by 2.53 t/t and 4.21 t/t, respectively, under NBClow and NBChigh treatment as compared to N treatment. In summary, it is concluded that biochar application of 4 t/hm2 can be used as an effective management to carbon sequestration and increase crop yields under the wheat-maize rotation system in Guanzhong Area.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2017-08-09;改回日期:2017-08-25。
基金项目:国家863项目（2013AA102904）；国家自然科学基金（41301305）；西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费专项资金（2014YB062，2452015355）
作者简介:陈静(1991-),女,陕西延安人,硕士研究生,研究方向:农田土壤温室气体排放。E-mail:rongchujing@163.com
通讯作者:张建国(1981-),男,山东菏泽人,副教授,博士,研究方向:土壤水盐运移、荒漠化防治、干旱区生态与环境。E-mail:zhangjianguo@nwsuaf.edu.cn

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01