[1]姚楠,赵英,张建国,等.不同放牧条件内蒙古草原土壤冻融期水热动态[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(05):132-138.
　YAO Nan,ZHAO Ying,ZHANG Jianguo,et al.Soil Water and Heat Dynamics During Freezing and Thawing Period Under Three Grazing Densities in Grassland of Inner Mongolia[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(05):132-138.
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不同放牧条件内蒙古草原土壤冻融期水热动态

《水土保持研究》[ISSN:1005-3409/CN:61-1272/P] 卷: 24 期数: 2017年05期 页码: 132-138 栏目: 出版日期: 2017-10-28
Title:
Soil Water and Heat Dynamics During Freezing and Thawing Period Under Three Grazing Densities in Grassland of Inner Mongolia
作者:
姚楠1, 赵英1,2, 张建国1, 何海龙1, 司炳成2,3, 焦瑞1
1. 西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
2. Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SKS7N5A8 Canada;
3. 西北农林科技大学 水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
Author(s):
YAO Nan1, ZHAO Ying1,2, ZHANG Jianguo1, HE Hailong1, SI Bingcheng2,3, JIAO Rui1
1. Collage of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
2. Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7 N5 A8 Canada;
3. College of Water Resources and Architecture Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
关键词:
锡林郭勒草原; 放牧条件; 冻融; 水热状况
Keywords:
Xilingol grassland; grazing intensities; soil freezing and thawing process; soil water and heat regime
分类号:
S152.7+5
摘要:
内蒙古草原地处季节性冻土区，与放牧强度相关，土壤冻融过程对该地生态和水文过程有着显著影响，但相关研究相对欠缺。该文重点研究了内蒙古锡林郭勒草原3种放牧条件下UG79（1979年以来禁牧）、UG99（1999年以来禁牧）、HG（1979年以来持续放牧）季节性冻融期的土壤水热动态，以期准确理解放牧这一当地主要土地利用模式对土壤生态水文过程的影响。结果表明：与地上覆盖度相关，不同放牧条件下地表积雪厚度有明显差异，其中HG处理积雪厚度远小于其他处理，其土壤温度变化也最为剧烈。与不同处理土壤冻结速率相关，土壤冻结时HG，UG79和UG99的“聚墒区”分别为20—30 cm，10—20 cm和10—30 cm，其中UG99“聚墒区”分布范围最广，且集中在牧草根系发达区域，对来年牧草生长提供了更好的水分条件。换言之，由于冻后聚墒效应，土壤消融期水分含量在土壤表层高于冻融前，其中UG99处理最大，达到了0.19 m3/m3。该研究结果为内蒙古草原季节性冻土区控制放牧及合理的禁牧措施提供理论依据。
Abstract:
Inner Mongolia grassland is located at seasonally frozen ground. The soil freezing and thawing processes, associated with grazing intensity, have a significant impact on ecological and hydrological process in this region. However, the relevant research is limited. This paper is mainly focusing on soil water and heat regime during seasonal freezing and thawing period in Xilingol grassland under three typical grazing treatments， i. e., UG79 (ungrazed site since 1979), UG99 (ungrazed site since 1999), and HG (heavily grazed site since 1979), thereby clarifying how different extent of grazing affects rates and intensities of soil freezing and thawing, and snowmelting water infiltration. The results showed that snow thickness varied from different grazing treatments, and was the function of surface coverage such as litter. For instance, the snow thickness under HG site was far less than that in the other two ungrazed sites. Accordingly, the soil temperature fluctuated more strongly in HG. The area of unfrozen water content extended into 20—30 cm, 10—20 cm and 10—30 cm in HG, UG79 and UG99 site, respectively, due to the water migration caused by soil frozen. This trend was the strongest in UG99 characterizid by the zone of the largest root system which provides a better moisture condition to grass germination in the coming year. In other words, the soil moisture content after soil thawing is higher than before soil freezing due to the hydraulic lift of soil frozen. Consequently, among the three sites, the soil moisture content in UG99 site was the greatest, which reached to 0.19 m3/m3 after soil thawing. This result can provide the theoretical basis for reduction of grazing activity and reasonable grazing management in grassland of Inner Mongolia.

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备注/Memo

收稿日期:2016-10-11;改回日期:2016-10-25。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（4137124，41371233，41501231）
作者简介:姚楠(1991-),女,山东昌乐人,硕士研究生,研究方向为土壤物理及水文研究。E-mail:nanguayn@163.com
通讯作者:赵英(1979-),男,甘肃西和人,副教授,博士,主要从事土壤与生态水文过程研究。E-mail:yzhaosoils@gmail.com

更新日期/Last Update: 1900-01-01