SUN Hao,LIU Xiaoyong,HE Qifa,et al.Assessments of Four Types of Forests on Soil Water Conservation Functions in the Upper Reaches of Xiu River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(04):337-341,348.
修河上游流域4种森林类型的水源涵养功能评价
- Title:
- Assessments of Four Types of Forests on Soil Water Conservation Functions in the Upper Reaches of Xiu River
- Keywords:
- upper reaches of Xiu river; soil water conservation functions; litterfall layer; soil layer
- 分类号:
- S714.2;S715.7
- 摘要:
- 为定量评价修河上游流域森林生态系统的水源涵养功能，对流域内4种主要森林类型（杉木林、马尾松林、阔叶林、毛竹林）枯落物层和土壤层的结构、持水性能进行了研究。结果表明：（1）4种森林类型枯落物现存量的变化范围为3.50～5.99 t/hm2，其中杉木林枯落物的现存量最大，毛竹林最小；枯落物最大持水量表现为阔叶林 > 马尾松林 > 杉木林 > 毛竹林，说明阔叶林的枯落物层比针叶林和毛竹林有更大的水源涵养能力；（2）4种森林类型的土壤容重表现为马尾松林 > 杉木林 > 毛竹林 > 阔叶林，表明4种森林类型中，阔叶林更有利于改善土壤结构；土壤水源涵养能力表现为毛竹林（376.50 t/hm2） > 阔叶林（373.17 t/hm2） > 马尾松林（213.50 t/hm2） > 杉木林（186.42 t/hm2）；（3）林分枯落物层和土壤层的综合水源涵养能力表现为毛竹林 > 阔叶林 > 马尾松林 > 杉木林。结果说明修河上游流域阔叶林、毛竹林的水源涵养功能优于针叶林，建议加强保护阔叶林和毛竹林，适当改造针叶林，以提高当地森林生态系统的整体水源涵养能力。
- Abstract:
- To understand the soil water conservation functions of different types of forests in the upper reaches of Xiu River, the eco-hydrological functions of the litterfall and soil were studied in the four main types of forests (i. e., Cuninghamia lanceolata forests, Pinus massoniana forests, broadleaved forests, Phyllostachys heterocycla forests). The results showed that:(1) the litter contents of the four types of forests ranged from 3.50～5.99 t/hm2, and the largest was observed in C. lanceolata foress, while the lowest was found in Ph.heterocycla forest; the largest water-holding capacities of litterfall decreased in the order: broadleaved forest > P.massoniana forest > C.lanceolata forest > Ph.heterocycla foress, which indicated that broadleaved forest had greater effect on soil water conservation than conifer forests; (2) the soil bulk densities in the four types of forest decreased in the sequence of P.massoniana forests > C.lanceolata forests > Ph.heterocycla forests > broadleaved forests, and the result showed that broadleaved forest was more beneficial to improve the soil structure; the water conservation of soil in Ph.heterocycla (376.50 t/hm2) forest was the largest among the four types of forests, followed by broadleaved forest (373.17 t/hm2) and P.massoniana forest (213.50 t/hm2), while C.lanceolata forest (186.42 t/hm2) was lower; (3) the comprehensive soil water conservation of litterfall and soil decreased in the sequence: Ph.Heterocycla forests > broadleaved forests > P.massoniana forests > C.lanceolata forests. These results suggested that the soil water conservation functions of broadleaved and Ph.heterocycla were superior to conifer forests, so we should do more to protect broadleaved and Ph. heterocycla.
参考文献/References:
[1] 时忠杰,王彦辉,于澎涛,等.宁夏六盘山林区几种主要森林植被生态水文功能研究[J].水土保持学报,2005,19(3):134-138.
[2] 高岗,秦富仓,姚云峰,等.农牧交错带小流域防护林水源涵养功能研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2009,23(8):180-185.
[3] 钟剑飞,刘东兰,郑小贤.水源涵养林结构与功能量化研究进展[J].现代农业科学,2009,16(3):110-112.
[4] 杨春时.系统论信息论控制论浅说[M].北京:中国广播电视出版社,1987:23-24.
[5] Crockford R H, Richardson D P. Partitioning of rainfall into throughfall, stemflow and interception:effect of forest type, ground cover and climate[J]. Hydrological Processes, 2000,14(16/17):2903-2920.
[6] Bruijnzeel L A. Hydrological functions of tropical forests:not seeing the soil for the trees[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2004,104(1):185-228.
[7] 王会利,唐玉贵,韦娇媚.低效林改造对土壤理化性质及水源涵养功能的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2010,8(5):72-78.
[8] Dietz J, Hölscher D, Leuschner C. Rainfall partitioning in relation to forest structure in differently managed montane forest stands in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2006,237(1):170-178.
[9] 马惠,张洪江,王伟,等.重庆市四面山不同森林类型林冠的截留作用[J].中国水土保持科学,2010,8(6):108-114.
[10] 黄国勤.江西修河流域生态系统研究[J].江西农业大学学报:自然科学版,2002,24(6):873-877.
[11] 陈琳,赵廷宁,赵陟峰.晋西半干旱黄土地区典型林分枯落物及土壤水文效应[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(23):14106-14108.
[12] 国家林业局.森林生态系统长期定位观测方法[S].中华人民共和国林业行业标准(LY/T1952-2011):31-36.
[13] 张庆费,宋永昌,由文辉.浙江天童植物群落此生演替与土壤肥力关系[J].生态学报,1999,19(2):174-178.
[14] 樊登星,余新晓,岳永杰,等.北京西山不同林分枯落物层持水特性研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2008,30(S2):177-181.
[15] 马雪华.森林水文学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1993.
[16] 黎建强,张洪江,程金花,等.长江上游不同植物篱系统的土壤物理性质[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(2):418-424.
[17] Six J, Bossuyt H, Degryze S, et al. A history of research on the link between(micro)aggregates, soil biota, and soil organic matter dynamics[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2004,79(1):7-31.
[18] 王会利,唐玉贵,韦娇媚.低效林改造对土壤理化性质及水源涵养功能的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2010,8(5):72-78.
[19] 王树力,沈海燕,孙悦,等.长白落叶松纯林改造对林地土壤性质的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2009,7(6):98-103.
[20] 北京林业大学.土壤学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1993.
[21] 李沛霖.杉木林土壤理化性质与水源涵养功能及相关性研究:以福寿林场为例[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2014:37.
[22] 胡建忠,郑佳丽,张春霞.黄河上游退耕地植被组成、结构及水保功能评价[J].中国水土保持科学,2005,3(2):42-50.
[23] 张洪江,杜士才.重庆四面山森林植物群落及其土壤保持与水文生态功能[M].北京:科学出版社,2010:238.
[24] 陈延武,史正涛,曾建军,等.水源地不同林分水源涵养功能评价[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(2):67-74.
相似文献/References:
[1]黄琼彪,蔡满雄.林业经营与水土资源保育之互动[J].水土保持研究,2002,9(03):34.
HUANG Qiongbiao,CAI Manxiong.The Interaction of Forest Management and Soil Conservation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2002,9(04):34.
[2]朱继鹏,王芳,高甲荣.吉县蔡家川流域不同森林植被的林地水源涵养功能[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(01):111.
ZHU Ji-peng,WANG Fang,GAO Jia-rong.The Function of Water Conservation of Different Forestlands in Caijiachuan Watershed of Ji County[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(04):111.
[3]郑培龙,肖江伟,吴云,等.重庆缙云山典型林分林地土壤贮水特性研究[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(02):195.
ZHENG Pei-long,XIAO Jiang-wei,WU Yun,et al.Research on Forest Soil Water Retaining Properties of Typical Forests in Jinyun Mountain in ChongQing City[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2006,13(04):195.
[4]孟广涛,方向京,李贵祥,等.云南金沙江流域不同植被类型水源涵养能力分析[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(04):160.
MENG Guang-tao,FANG Xiang-jing,LI Gui-xiang,et al.Analysis of Water Conservation Capacity of Different Vegetation Types in Jinshajiang Watershed of Yunnan Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(04):160.
[5]黄承标,黄俊杰,谭学锋,等.大瑶山自然保护区森林涵养水源效益研究[J].水土保持研究,2007,14(06):268.
HUANG Jun-jie,TAN Xue-feng,SU Yong,et al.Study on Water Conservation Benefit of Forest in Dayaoshan Natural Reseve[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,14(04):268.
[6]王春菊,汤小华.GIS支持下的水源涵养功能评价研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,15(02):215.
WANG Chun-ju,TANG Xiao-hua.A GIS-based Study on the Function of Water Conservation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2008,15(04):215.
[7]常志勇,包维楷,何其华,等.岷江上游辽东栎与川榛在模拟降雨过程中蒸散特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(01):78.
CHANG Zhing-yong,BAO Wei-kai,HE Qi-hua,et al.Evapotranspiration Simulation of Quercus liaotungensis and Corylus heterophylla var.sutchuenensis.Franch During Rainfall Process in the Upper Reaches of Minjiang River[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(04):78.
[8]冯朝阳,高吉喜,韩永伟,等.京西门头沟区典型生态系统服务功能及其价值评估[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(03):230.
FENG Chao-yang,GAO Ji-xi,HAN Yong-wei,et al.Representative Ecosystem Services and Their Valuation of Mentougou District, Beijing[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(04):230.
[9]徐学华,于树峰,崔立志,等.冀北山地华北落叶松人工林水源涵养功能分析[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(05):162.
XU Xue-hua,YU Shu-feng,CUI Li-zhi,et al.Analysis on Water Conservation Function of Larix Principis-rupprechtⅡ Man-made Forest in North Mountain of Hebei Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(04):162.
[10]聂忆黄,龚斌,衣学文.青藏高原水源涵养能力评估[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(05):210.
NIE Yi-huang,Gong Bin,YI Xue-wen.Water Conservation Valuation of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(04):210.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2016-04-25;改回日期:2016-07-14。
基金项目:江西省林业厅办公室“江西省林业厅办公室关于开展江西省生态公益林监测试点工作的通知”（赣林办发〔2015〕104号）