Reziwanguli·Maimaitiyiming,YANG Jianjun,LIU Yongqiang,et al.Characteristics of Changes in Temperature and Precipitation in Xinjiang in Recent 54 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(02):128-133.
新疆近54年气温和降水变化特征
- Title:
- Characteristics of Changes in Temperature and Precipitation in Xinjiang in Recent 54 Years
- Keywords:
- climate change; temperature; precipitation; Xinjiang
- 分类号:
- P467
- 摘要:
- 利用新疆50个气象站1960—2013年的月、年的平均气温和降水量资料，采用线性倾向率法、累积距平法、Mann-Kendall法等方法，对新疆近54 a来的气候变化和突变现象进行了研究，利用反距离插值法分析新疆气温和降水的空间分布。结果表明：近54 a来，新疆年平均气温变化在6.2~9.0℃，年平均气温在波动中逐渐上升，气候倾向率0.32℃/10 a，其突变发生在1965年和1977年。新疆各站点多年平均气温为0.95~14℃，整体上表现为由南向北降低的趋势，南疆的气温最高，依次为天山山区，北疆的气温最低。新疆年降水量变化在93.20~205.80 mm，整体上呈现上升趋势，气候倾向率为8.23 mm/10 a，新疆年降水量突变发生在1963年、1975年、1978年和1980年。新疆各站点多年降水量为34.20~261.00 mm，整体上表现为由南向北增多的趋势，北疆的降水量最多，其次为天山山区，南疆的降水量最少。
- Abstract:
- Monthly and annual average precipitation and temperature data from 1960 to 2013 were used to study the variation trends of average temperature and precipitation on annual-scale and seasonal-scale in recent 54 years. The linear regression method, accumulative anomaly method and Mann-Kendall method and inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation were used in this study. The results were as follows. The annual average temperature varied between 6.2℃ and 9.0℃, and the annual average temperature rose gradually in fluctuation. The climate increasing trend rate was 0.32℃/decade over the recent 54 years, and the abrupt change in temperature occurred in year 1965 and year 1977. Those annual average temperatures were interpolated using inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation to reveal their spatial distributions. The results showed that the annual average temperature varied between 0.95℃ and 14℃ at each meteorological station. The temperature trend decreased from southern Xinjiang to northern Xinjiang, and the highest temperature was observed in southern Xinjiang, followed by Tianshan Mountains, and the lowest temperature occurred in northern Xinjiang. The annual precipitation varied from 93.20 mm to 205.80 mm,and the annual precipitation showed an increase trend in recent 54 years,which increased by 8.23 mm/decade. The abrupt change in precipitation occurred in 1963, 1975, 1978 and 1980. The IDW results showed that the annual precipitation varied from 34.20 mm to 261.00 mm at each meteorological station. The highest precipitation was observed in the northern Xinjiang, and then the next high precipitation occurred in the Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang. The lowest precipitation occurred in the southern Xinjiang.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2015-03-25;改回日期:2015-04-27。
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51269030）
作者简介:热孜宛古丽·麦麦提依明(1989-),女(维吾尔族),新疆喀什人,硕士研究生,从事干旱区流域蒸散变化研究。E-mail:1015714336@qq.com
通讯作者:杨建军(1978-),男,新疆乌苏人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,从事干旱区生态系统与全球变化。E-mail:yjjdfly@sina.com