LIU Zhan-dong,GAO Yang,GONG Wen-jun,et al.Study on Winter Wheat Canopy Interception Process of Rainfall and Simulation[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):53-58.
冬小麦冠层降雨截留过程及其模拟研究
- Title:
- Study on Winter Wheat Canopy Interception Process of Rainfall and Simulation
- Keywords:
- winter wheat; rainfall; canopy interception; simulation; model
- 分类号:
- S181.6
- 摘要:
- 冬小麦冠层截留直接影响冬小麦对降雨的有效利用，通过模拟降雨试验和统计分析，系统研究了降雨量、降雨强度对冬小麦冠层截留特征的影响，建立了适于降雨冬小麦冠层截留的模型。结果表明：棵间雨量与降雨量呈显著的正相关关系（P<0.01）；冠层截留量与降雨量呈显著的幂函数关系（P<0.01）。降雨强度与棵间雨量百分比呈负指数函数关系（P<0.01），与冠层截留量百分比呈负幂函数关系（P<0.01）。不同降雨强度下冬小麦冠层截留过程趋势一致，降雨强度越小，其达到冠层截留容量时所需时间越长。降雨强度对冠层截留容量没有明显影响。在雨量恒定条件下，冠层截留量随雨强的增加而减小，呈明显的负相关关系。叶面积指数（leaf area index，LAI）与冬小麦冠层截留容量呈正相关关系（P<0.01）。构建了具有较好截留机制的冬小麦冠层降雨截留过程模型，并基于模拟降雨和天然降雨的数据拟合了模型参数，表征冬小麦降雨蒸发能力的参数α为0.008。模拟值和实测值有较好的一致性，显示了修正模型适用于冬小麦冠层截留计算。
- Abstract:
- The effective utilization of rainfall by winter wheat was directly influenced by canopy interception. Influences of rainfall and rainfall intensity on characteristics of canopy interception of winter wheat were studied by simulative rainfall experiment and statistical analysis, and a canopy interception model suitable for winter wheat was established. The results showed that throughfall was significantly positively related with rainfall (P<0.01), while relationships between canopy interception and rainfall significantly showed a power function (P<0.01). A negative exponential correlation between rainfall intensity and percentage of throughfall (P<0.01) and a negative power correlation between rainfall intensity and percentage of interception (P<0.01) were found. The trend of canopy interception of winter wheat was consistent under different rainfall intensities, while the duration to reach the canopy interception capacity was longer with lower rainfall intensity. Rainfall intensity had no significant influence on canopy interception capacity of winter wheat. Interception decreased with the increase of rainfall intensity, indicating a negative relation with rainfall intensity at the constant rainfall conditions. Canopy interception capacity of winter wheat showed a positive correlation with LAI (P<0.01). A mechanism model for rainfall interception process of the winter wheat was developed, and the model parameters were fitted based on the measured data both from the natural rainfall experiment and simulated rainfall experiments. A parameter, α, indicating evaporative capacity of rainfall intercepted by winter wheat canopy, was set to 0.008. Simulated values were consistent with measured ones, indicating that the improved model can be used for estimating rainfall interception of winter wheat canopy.
参考文献/References:
[1] Lamm F R,Manges H L.Partitioning of the sprinkler irrigation water by a corn canopy[J].Transactions of the ASAE,2000,43(4):909-918.
[2] 王爱娟,章文波.林冠截留降雨研究综述[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(4):55-59.
[3] Aston A R.Rainfall interception by eight small trees[J].Journal of Hydrology,1979,42(3/4):383-396.
[4] 王彦辉,于澎涛,徐德应,等.林冠截留降雨模型转化和参数规律的初步研究[J].北京林业大学学报,1998,20(6):25-30.
[5] 王迪,李久生,饶敏杰.喷灌冬小麦冠层截留试验研究[J].中国农业科学,2006,39(9):1859-1864.
[6] 王庆改,康跃虎,刘海军.冬小麦冠层截留及其消散过程[J].干旱地区农业研究,2005,23(1):3-8.
[7] Kang Y H,Wang Q G,Liu H J.Winter wheat canopy interception with its influence factors under sprinkler irrigation[J].Agricultural Water Management,2005,74(3):189-199.
[8] 李衍青,张铜会,赵学勇,等.科尔沁沙地小叶锦鸡儿灌丛降雨截留特征研究[J].草业学报,2010,19(5):267-272.
[9] 孙庆艳,余新晓,杨新兵,等.密云水库集水区防护林不同树种林冠截留研究[J].中国水土保持科学,2009,6(3):73-78.
[10] 张焜,张洪江,程金花,等.重庆四面山三种人工林林冠截留效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(1):201-204.
[11] 余开亮,陈宁,余四胜,等.物种组成对高寒草甸植被冠层降雨截留容量的影响[J].生态学报,2011,31(19):5771-5779.
[12] Limousin L M,Rambal S,Ourcival J M,et al.Modelling rainfall interception in a Mediterranean Quercus ilex ecosystem:lesson from a throughfall exclusion experiment[J].Journal of Hydrology,2008,357(1/2):57-66.
[13] 徐丽宏,时忠杰,王彦辉,等.六盘山主要植被类型冠层截留特征[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(10):2487-2493.
[14] 卓丽,苏德荣,刘自学,等.草坪型结缕草冠层截留性能试验研究[J].生态学报,2009,29(2):669-675.
[15] Klaassen W,Bosveld F,de Water E.Water storage and evaporation as constituents of rainfall interception[J].Journal of Hydrology,1998,212/213:36-50.
[16] 曾德慧,裴铁璠,范志平,等.樟子松林冠截留模拟实验研究[J].应用生态学报,1996,7(2):134-138.
[17] 吴旭东,周梅,张慧东,等.兴安落叶松林冠截留与降雨量及降雨强度的关系[J].内蒙古农业大学学报,2006,27(4):84-86.
[18] 闫文德,陈书军,田大伦,等.樟树人工林冠层对大气降水再分配规律的影响研究[J].水土保持通报,2005,25(6):10-13.
[19] Hikaru K,Yoshinori S,Tomonori K,et al.Relationship between annual rainfall and interception ratio for forests across Japan[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2008,256(5):1189-1197.
相似文献/References:
[1]张燕,王百群,何瑞清.不同施肥下冬小麦生长过程中土壤矿质氮变化及其与冬小麦叶片SPAD值的关系[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(06):78.
ZHANG Yan,WANG Baiqun,HE Ruiqing.Changes of Soil Mineral Nitrogen and Its Relationship with Soil and Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) Values of Winter Wheat Leaves During Winter Wheat Growth Under Different Fertilization[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2016,23(04):78.
[2]戚龙海,党廷辉,陈璐.旱塬冬小麦水分利用特征及对施肥的响应[J].水土保持研究,2009,16(03):105.
QI Long-hai,DANG Ting-hui,CHEN Lu.The Water Use Characteristics of Winter Wheat and Response to Fertilization on Dry-land of Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,16(04):105.
[3]苏嫄,焦菊英,马祥华.黄土丘陵沟壑区主要群落地上生物量季节变化及其与土壤水分的关系[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(06):7.
SU Yuan,JIAO Ju-ying,MA Xiang-hua.Seasonal Variation of Aboveground Biomass of Main Plant Communities and Its Relationship with Soil Moisture in the Hill-gully Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):7.
[4]张燕青,刘文兆.不同施肥处理下麦田水分利用过程及其效率特征[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):133.
ZHANG Yan-qing,LIU Wen-zhao.Characteristics of Water Utilization Process and Efficiency under Different Fertilization Treatments in a Wheat Field[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):133.
[5]许浩,蒋齐,潘占兵,等.黄土丘陵区降雨、土壤水分和苗木成活率的关系[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(05):202.
XU Hao,JIANG Qi,PAN Zhan-bing,et al.Relationship of Rainfall, Soil Moisture and Seedling Survival Rate in Loess Hilly Region[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):202.
[6]赵金忠,赵年武,赵恒和,等.贵德县近50年气候变化及对冬小麦生产潜力的影响[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):260.
ZHAO Jin-zhong,ZHAO Nian-wu,ZHAO Heng-he,et al.Climatic Changes in the Past 50 Years in Guide County, Qinghai Province, and Their Influences on Potential Productivity of Winter Wheat[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):260.
[7]张霞,贾莲莲,李占斌,等.模拟降雨条件下地表糙度动态变化特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(04):16.
ZHANG Xia,JIA Lian-lian,LI Zhan-bin,et al.Study on Dynamical Variation Characteristics of Surface Roughness under Field Simulated Rainfall Condition[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):16.
[8]李瑞,李勇,刘云芳.贵州喀斯特地区降雨与坡面土壤侵蚀关系研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(03):7.
LI Rui,LI Yong,LIU Yun-fang.Study of Rainfall and Soil Erosion on Slope in Karst Region of Guizhou Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):7.
[9]鲁瑞洁,唐清亮,桑艳礼,等.青海湖克土沙区不同类型沙丘土壤水分的动态变化[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(02):111.
LU Rui-jie,TANG Qing-liang,SANG Yan-li,et al.Dynamic Changes of Soil Moisture in Different Dunes of Ketu Sand Land in Qinghai Lake Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):111.
[10]刘士余,章俊霞,罗志军,等.近50年赣西北大坑小流域径流对降雨的响应[J].水土保持研究,2012,19(01):19.
LIU Shi-yu,ZHANG Jun-xia,LUO Zhi-jun,et al.Response of Runoff to Rainfall in Dakeng Small Watershed in Northwestern Jiangxi Province over the Last 50 Years[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,19(04):19.
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2012-1-4;修回日期:2012-2-16
基金项目:现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金（CARS-3-1-30）；国家“863”计划“作物需水信息采集与智能控制灌溉技术”（2011AA100509）
作者简介:刘战东（1981- ），男，河南沁阳人，博士研究生，助理研究员，主要从事作物水分生理与高效用水研究。E-mail：Lzddragon@163.com。
通讯作者:段爱旺（1963- ），男，山西黎城人，博士，研究员，博士生导师，主要从事作物水分生理与高效用水研究。E-mail：duanaiwang@yahoo.com。