Guo Baojiang,Gan Miao,Li Tongchuan,et al.Characteristics of spatiotemporal distribution of soil moisture in gully-slope system of northern Loess Plateau[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2025,32(05):102-110,121.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.05.032]
黄土高原北部沟坡系统土壤水分时空分布特征
- Title:
- Characteristics of spatiotemporal distribution of soil moisture in gully-slope system of northern Loess Plateau
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409（2025）05-0102-09
- Keywords:
- soil moisture; gully-slope system; topography; soil texture; dry soil layer; Loess Plateau
- 分类号:
- S152.7
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的] 探究黄土高原北部沟坡系统土壤水分的时空分布，分析不同地形下土壤水分对极端降雨事件的响应，为建立和量化沟坡系统水文循环提供参考。[方法] 以六道沟流域沟坡系统为研究对象，利用中子仪和自动时域反射仪（TDR），分析了沟谷、沟坡和沟岸的水分变化过程，探讨了影响土壤水分变化的主要因素。[结果]（1）沟谷中的土壤含水量（SWC）显著高于沟坡和沟岸（p<0.05）。暴雨条件下，沟坡和沟岸的水分入渗深度均小于20 cm。81.8 mm的极端降雨补充了沟岸40 cm土层的含水量。（2）地形和土壤质地决定了沟谷150 cm以下的SWC分布，而温度则是沟坡和沟岸0—20 cm土层之间SWC的主要驱动因子。（3）极端降雨条件下，中子仪比TDR更能准确地描述沟坡和沟岸的SWC。[结论] 极端降雨会加剧沟坡的土壤干燥化程度，而地形对土壤水分空间分布的影响大于降雨。
- Abstract:
- [Objective] To investigate the spatiotemporal distribution of soil moisture in the gully-slope system of the northern Loess Plateau, and to analyze the response of soil moisture to extreme rainfall events under different topographic conditions, so as to provide a reference for establishing and quantifying the hydrological cycle of the gully-slope system. [Methods] Taking the gully-slope system of the Liudaogou watershed as the subject of the study, the soil moisture variation process in the gully, gully slope, and gully bank was analyzed using a neutron probe and automated time domain reflectometer(TDR), and the main factors influencing soil moisture dynamics were explored. [Results](1) Soil water content(SWC) in the gully was significantly higher(p<0.05) than that in the gully slope and bank. Under heavy rainfall conditions, the infiltration depth on the gully slope and bank was less than 20 cm. An extreme rainfall event of 81.8 mm increased soil water content in the 0—40 cm soil layer of the gully bank.(2) Topography and soil texture were the dominant factors influencing SWC distribution below 150 cm in the gully, while temperature was the main driving factor of SWC in the 0—20 cm soil layer on the gully slope and bank. (3) Under extreme rainfall conditions, the neutron probe more accurately captured the SWC variation on gully slope and bank than the TDR. [Conclusion] Extreme rainfall events exacerbate soil desiccation on gully slopes, while topography exerts a stronger influence than rainfall on the spatial distribution of soil moisture.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期：2024-12-14 修回日期：2025-01-08 接受日期：2025-01-13
资助项目：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（XDB40020305）；黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室开放基金（SKLLQG2101）
第一作者：郭保江（1999—），男，河南南阳人，硕士研究生，研究方向为土壤生态学。E-mail：guobj@nwafu.edu.cn
通信作者：李同川（1988—），男，河南新乡人，博士，副教授，主要从事土壤生态学研究。E-mail：Litongchuan—xinong@163.com