Chen Yu,Liu Fangping,Wu Caiyun,et al.Effects of Rain Patterns and Planting Patterns on Soil and Water Losses in Farmland in the Poyang Lake Plain Area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(05):18-25.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.05.016]
雨型和种植模式对鄱阳湖平原区农田水土流失的影响
- Title:
- Effects of Rain Patterns and Planting Patterns on Soil and Water Losses in Farmland in the Poyang Lake Plain Area
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2024)05-00018-08
- Keywords:
- rainfall patterns; planting patterns; farmland; runoff; sediment loss
- 分类号:
- S27; S157
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]分析不同种植模式下农田地表径流及泥沙流失对降雨雨型的响应,探究新形势下鄱阳湖平原区农田地表径流及泥沙输移规律,为防治农田地表水土流失提供科学依据。[方法]利用K-均值聚类方法将64场降雨进行分类,结合径流小区产流、产沙等监测数据,分析了3种种植模式下不同雨型对农田地表径流及泥沙流失的影响。[结果](1)以次降雨历时、次降雨量和最大30 min雨强为降雨特征指标,降雨可划分为4种雨型(A雨型:“中历时、小雨量、小雨强”; B雨型:“短历时、小雨量、中雨强”; C雨型:“长历时、大雨量、中雨强”; D雨型:“短历时、中雨量、大雨强”)。(2)各种植模式径流量与降雨量的变化规律基本一致,降雨量较大时,产生径流量也较多; 各月份下旱作模式处理产生径流量最多。(3)无论何种雨型,旱作模式处理径流量和泥沙流失量均最高,在A,C雨型下,水作模式处理产流产沙量均最小,B雨型下,水旱轮作模式处理减少产流效果最佳。(4)不同种植模式下径流总量和泥沙流失总量均存在显著性差异,表现为旱作模式>水旱轮作模式>水作模式。[结论]与旱作模式处理相比,水作模式处理在减少水土流失方面具有一定优势,尤其是应对A雨型和C雨型时,减少径流和泥沙流失效果更为明显。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]The aims of this study are to analyze the response of farmland surface runoff and sediment loss to rainfall patterns under different planting modes, to explore the laws of farmland surface runoff and sediment transport in the Poyang Lake plain area under new circumstances, and to provide scientific basis for preventing and controlling farmland surface soil erosion. [Methods]64 rainfall events were classified using K-means clustering method, and combined with monitoring data such as runoff and sediment production in runoff plots, the impact of surface runoff and sediment losses in different rainfall types of farmlands under three planting modes were analyzed. [Results](1)The duration, rainfall and maximum rainfall intensity of 30 minutes were taken as the rainfall characteristic indicators. The rainfall could be divided into 4 types(type A:‘medium duration, small rainfall and light rainfall intensity', type B:‘short duration, small rainfall and medium rainfall intensity', type C:‘long duration, heavy rainfall and medium rainfall intensity', and type D:‘short duration, medium rainfall and heavy rainfall intensity').(2)The variation of runoff and rainfall of each planting mode was basically the same, and the runoff was also more when the rainfall was larger. In each month, dry farming mode produced the most runoff.(3)No matter what type of rainfall, the runoff and sediment losses of dry farming mode were the highest. Under the types A and C, the runoff and sediment yields of water farming mode were the lowest. Under the type B, the runoff reduction effect of water and dry rotation mode was the best.(4)There were significant differences in the total runoff and sediment loss under different planting modes, and the performance followed the order:dry farming mode>paddy upland rotation mode>paddy farming mode. [Conclusion]In conclusion, compared with the dry farming model, the water farming model has certain advantages in reducing runoff and sediment, especially when dealing with type A and type C, the effect of runoff and sediment reduction is more obvious.
参考文献/References:
[1]李占斌,朱冰冰,李鹏.土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究进展[J].土壤学报,2008,45(5):802-809.
Li Z B, Zhu B B, Li P. Advancement in study on soil erosion and soil and water conservation[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2008,45(5):802-809.
[2]Silva S S D, Abeysingha N S, Nirmanee K G S, et al. Effect of land use-land cover and projected rainfall on soil erosion intensities of a tropical catchment in Sri Lanka[J]. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 2023,20(8):9173-9188.
[3]中华人民共和国水利部.第一次全国水利普查公报[J].水利信息化, 2013(2):53-57.
Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China. Bulletin of first national census for water[J]. China Water Resources, 2013(2):53-57.
[4]Hao H X, Wang J G, Guo Z L, et al. Water erosion processes and dynamic changes of sediment size distribution under the combined effects of rainfall and overland flow[J]. Catena,2019,173:494-504.
[5]张春霞,董智,高波,等.侵蚀性雨型分类及不同植被类型对棕壤坡面土壤侵蚀的影响[J].水土保持研究,2023,30(2):36-41,49.
Zhang C X, Dong Z, Gao B, et al. Effects of erosive rainfall patterns and different vegetation types on soil erosion in slope with brown soil[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2023,30(2):36-41,49.
[6]王玲莉,张富,胡彦婷,等.侵蚀性降雨分类及植被类型对产流产沙的影响[J].人民黄河,2021,43(10):109-113.
Wang L L, Zhang F, Hu Y T, et al. Effects of erosive rainfall classification and vegetation types on runoff and sediment load generation[J]. Yellow River, 2021,43(10):109-113.
[7]Liu J B, Gao G Y, Wang S, et al. Combined effects of rainfall regime and plot length on runoff and soil loss in the Loess Plateau of China[J]. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 2018,109(3/4):397-406.
[8]Peng T, Wang S J. Effects of land use, land cover and rainfall regimes on the surface runoff and soil loss on Karst slopes in southwest China[J]. Catena,2012,90:53-62.
[9]杨任翔,邱凡,王坚桦,等.雨型和甘蔗种植对赤红壤坡面土壤侵蚀特征的影响[J].水土保持学报,2021,35(1):65-70,78.
Yang R X, Qiu F, Wang J H, et al. Effects of rainfall pattern and sugarcane planting on soil erosion characteristics of lateritic red soil slope[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2021,35(1):65-70,78.
[10]胡佶熹,魏熙乐,朱玉莹.农作物空间结构的时空演变特征分析:以江西省为例[J].山东农业工程学院学报,2023,40(5):20-29.
Hu J X, Wei X L, Zhu Y Y. Spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of crop spatial structure:A case study of Jiangxi Province[J]. the Journal of Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, 2023,40(5):20-29.
[11]田培,毛梦培,潘成忠.植被调控水土流失机制研究进展及展望[J].中国水土保持科学(中英文),2024,22(1):131-140.
Tian P, Mao M P, Pan C Z. Research progress and prospect of vegetation control mechanism of soil and water loss[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2024,22(1):131-140.
[12]Zhang X Y, Wu K X, Fullen M A, et al. Synergistic effects of vegetation layers of maize and potato intercropping on soil erosion on sloping land in Yunnan Province, China[J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 2020,17(2):423-434.
[13]Patin J, Mouche E, Ribolzi O, et al. Effect of land use on interrill erosion in a montane catchment of Northern Laos:An analysis based on a pluri-annual runoff and soil loss database[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2018,563:480-494.
[14]Duan J, Liu Y J, Tang C J, et al. Efficacy of orchard terrace measures to minimize water erosion caused by extreme rainfall in the hilly region of China:Long-term continuous in situ observations[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2021,278:111537.
[15]Feng J, Wei W, Pan D L. Effects of rainfall and terracing-vegetation combinations on water erosion in a loess hilly area, China[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2020,261:110247.
[16]朱燕琴,赵志斌,齐广平,等.黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被类型次降雨产流产沙特征[J].草地学报,2019,27(1):28-34.
Zhu Y Q, Zhao Z B, Qi G P, et al. Characteristics of slope runoff and sediment of different vegetation types under individual rainfall events in loess hilly and Gully Region[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2019,27(1):28-34.
[17]孙从建,侯慧新,陈伟,等.典型黄土塬区不同植物措施水土保持效应分析[J].自然资源学报,2019,34(7):1405-1416.
Sun C J, Hou H X, Chen W, et al. Effects of different plant measures on soil and water conservation in typical tableland zones on the Loess Plateau[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2019,34(7):1405-1416.
[18]张丽娟,秦宇坤,程慧煌,等.鄱阳湖区赣北棉田地表径流氮磷流失特征研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2022,24(6):166-175.
Zhang L J, Qin Y K, Cheng H H, et al. Research on characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus loss from surface runoff of cotton field in northern Jiangxi Province of Poyang Lake Region[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022,24(6):166-175.
[19]杨任翔,邱凡,郑佳舜,等.赤红壤植蔗坡地坡面径流及溶解态氮磷流失特征[J].生态学报,2022,42(3):904-913.
Yang R X, Qiu F, Zheng J S, et al. Characteristics of runoff and the dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus loss in sloping land with planting sugarcane of lateritic soil[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2022,42(3):904-913.
[20]杜映妮,周怡雯,李朝霞,等.丹江口库区不同降雨类型下典型植被措施的水土保持效应[J].水土保持学报,2023,37(2):51-57,66.
Du Y N, Zhou Y W, Li Z X, et al. Effects of typical vegetation measures on soil and water conservation under different rainfall regimes in Danjiangkou Reservoir Area[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2023,37(2):51-57,66.
[21]黄凯,李瑞,李勇,等.贵州省黔南区不同侵蚀性雨型条件下生物措施对坡面产流产沙的响应[J].水土保持学报,2020,34(6):14-21.
Huang K, Li R, Li Y, et al. Response of runoff and sediment yield to biological measures on slopes under different erosive rain patterns in southern Guizhou[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2020,34(6):14-21.
[22]Zambon N, Johannsen L L, Strauss P, et al. Rainfall parameters affecting splash erosion under natural conditions[J]. Applied Sciences, 2020,10(12):4103.
[23]Xu C, Yang Z J, Qian W, et al. Runoff and soil erosion responses to rainfall and vegetation cover under various afforestation management regimes in subtropical montane forest[J]. Land Degradation & Development, 2019,30(14):1711-1724.
[24]李涛,鄢紫薇,王砚,等.丹江口库区不同种植模式下氮磷流失和经济效益分析[J].水土保持研究,2021,28(5):35-40.
Li T, Yan Z W, Wang Y, et al. Analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus losses and environmental benefits under different planting patterns in Danjiangkou Reservoir Area[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2021,28(5):35-40.
[25]Zambon N, Johannsen L L, Strauss P, et al. Splash erosion affected by initial soil moisture and surface conditions under simulated rainfall[J]. Catena,2021,196:104827.
[26]陈昱,刘方平,余雅琴,等.鄱阳湖平原不同种植模式下农田水肥流失规律分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2021(12):239-244.
Chen Y, Liu F P, Yu Y Q, et al. An analysis of water and fertilizer loss under different planting patterns in Poyang Lake Plains[J]. China Rural Water and Hydropower, 2021(12):239-244.
[27]陈昱,刘方平,吴彩云,等.鄱阳湖流域典型种植模式农田地表径流与氮磷流失特征[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,42(7):101-108.
Chen Y, Liu F P, Wu C Y, et al. Impact of planting practices on nitrogen and phosphorus loss via surface runoff in Poyang Lake basin[J]. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2023,42(7):101-108.
相似文献/References:
[1]郭 凯,李玄添,张风宝,等.雨型和坡长对侵蚀泥沙粒径特征的影响[J].水土保持研究,2023,30(02):50.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.02.054]
GUO Kai,LI Xuantian,ZHANG Fengbao,et al.Influence of Rainfall Patterns and Slope Lengths on the Characteristics of Eroded Sediment Particle Sizes[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,30(05):50.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2023.02.054]
备注/Memo
收稿日期:2023-10-26 修回日期:2023-11-11
资助项目:江西水利科技项目“典型水旱轮作模式下高标准农田排水特性及优化方案研究”(201821ZDKT13),“节水灌溉条件下微藻生物肥对稻田氮素流失影响研究”(202324YBKT15)
第一作者:陈昱(1992—),男,江西高安人,硕士,工程师,主要从事农田灌溉排水研究。E-mail:chenyu821@163.com
通信作者:刘方平(1977—),男,江西南昌人,硕士,教授级高级工程师,主要从事农田灌溉排水研究。E-mail:lfp1224@sina.com