Liu Huanyong,Du Pengfei,Zhao Ying,et al.Characteristics of Gully Erosion on Buckwheat Field in the Loess Plateau Under Heavy Rainfall Conditions[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(05):1-8,17.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.05.028]
暴雨条件下黄土高原荞麦地的沟蚀特征——以陕西省定边县为例
- Title:
- Characteristics of Gully Erosion on Buckwheat Field in the Loess Plateau Under Heavy Rainfall Conditions
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2024)05-0001-08
- Keywords:
- gully erosion; buckwheat fields; heavy rainfall; Loess Plateau; slope croplands
- 分类号:
- S157
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]探究暴雨条件下黄土高原荞麦地的侵蚀特征,分析影响荞麦地沟蚀的可能影响因素,为黄土高原坡耕地的治理提供参考依据。[方法]以陕西定边2022年7月10日暴雨事件为例,采用遥感和实地测量相结合的方法,分析了荞麦地的沟蚀特征,探讨了影响荞麦地的主要因素。[结果](1)暴雨条件下的荞麦地侵蚀沟沟头多从与其他地类交接处发育。(2)细沟平均宽度和平均深度范围分别为5.2～29.5 cm和2～19.6 cm,宽深比和沟密度分别介于0.88～3.782 m/m2,0.028～1.56 m/m2,细沟侵蚀强度最大为20 294.66 t/km2。(3)浅沟平均宽度和平均深度范围分别为37.3～173 cm和8～30.7 cm,宽深比和沟密度分别介于2.161～18.750 m/m2,0.003～0.142 m/m2,浅沟侵蚀强度最大为31 629.83 t/km2。(4)荞麦地沟蚀过程同时受到坡度、坡长、上方汇水面积以及相邻地块措施因素的影响。[结论]与草地、覆膜玉米地等其他地类相比,暴雨条件下荞麦坡耕地沟蚀土壤侵蚀较为严重,达到了剧烈侵蚀强度。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]The aims of this study are to explore the erosion characteristics of buckwheat fields on the Loess Plateau under heavy rain conditions, to try to analyze the potential influencing factors, and to provide a reference for the management of slope farmland on the Loess Plateau. [Methods]The rainstorm event of 10 th July 2022 in Dingbian, Shaanxi Province were taken as an example. The features of gully erosion on buckwheat land were analyzed based on a combination of remote sensing and field measurements, and the influences on gully erosion on buckwheat land were investigated. [Results](1)The gully heads within buckwheat farmland affected by severe rainfall tended to form where they intersected with other land types.(2)The average width and depth of rill erosion varied between 5.2 to 29.5 cm and 2 to 19.6 cm, respectively. The ratio of width to depth and the gully density ranged from 0.88 to 3.782 and 0.028 to 1.56 m/m2, respectively. The erosion intensity of rill erosion was at a maximum of 20 294.66 t/km2.(3)The ephemeral gully had an average width and depth ranging from 37.3 to 173 cm and 8 to 30.7 cm, respectively. The ratio of width to depth and gully densities were 2.161～18.750, and 0.003～0.142 m/m2, respectively. Additionally, the maximum intensity of ephemeral gully erosion was 31 629.83 t/km2.(4)The gully erosion in buckwheat fields was affected by the slope, length of slope, upstream catchment area, and the measures taken by neighbouring plots. [Conclusion]Compared with other land types such as grasslands and mulched cornfields, gully erosion of the buckwheat slope cropland under heavy rainfall conditions is more severe, and reaches to the intensity of intense erosion.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2023-09-25 修回日期:2023-11-30
资助项目:国家自然科学基金项目(U2243213); 国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作”项目(2021YFE0113800); 中国水利水电科学研究院青年托举项目(SC110145B0012023)
第一作者:刘焕永(1995—),男,山东省临沂市人,博士研究生,研究方向为土壤侵蚀和水土保持研究。E-mail:lhyong_023@163.com
通信作者:杜鹏飞(1982—),男(蒙古族),内蒙古赤峰人,博士,正高级工程师,主要从事土壤侵蚀和水土保持研究。E-mail:dupf@iwhr.com