Jia Tianchao,Hu Xiwu.Spatiotemporal Dynamic Evolution Characteristics of Land Use in China's ‘Two Screens and Three Belts' Ecological Barrier Areas from 1985 to 2020[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2024,31(04):348-363.[doi:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2024.04.038]
1985—2020年中国“两屏三带”生态屏障区土地利用时空动态演化特征
- Title:
- Spatiotemporal Dynamic Evolution Characteristics of Land Use in China's ‘Two Screens and Three Belts' Ecological Barrier Areas from 1985 to 2020
- 文章编号:
- 1005-3409(2024)04-0348-16
- Keywords:
- ecological barrier area; land use change; transfer matrix; dynamic degree; spatiotemporal dynamics
- 分类号:
- F301.24
- 文献标志码:
- A
- 摘要:
- [目的]探索“两屏三带”生态屏障区土地利用时空动态演化特征,揭示其分异规律,为研究区土地资源整合和筑牢国家生态安全屏障提供依据。[方法]基于“两屏三带”生态屏障区1985—2020年内8期土地利用数据,采用单一土地利用动态度、综合土地利用动态度及转移矩阵等方法,从土地利用结构、动态度和空间转移3个方面全面分析了土地利用变化的时空动态演化特征及分异规律。[结果](1)1985—2020年“两屏三带”生态屏障区除北方防沙带草地面积增加20 618.03 km2外,其他四大屏障区均有所减少,其中东北森林带草地面积减少最多,为18 031.03 km2; 五大生态屏障区建设用地面积均有所增加,北方防沙带增加面积最多,为7 280.79 km2; 东北森林带生态用地显著减少、非生态用地显著增加,这与生态屏障区的发展要求相违背。(2)1985—2020年“两屏三带”生态屏障区中南方丘陵山地带土地利用类型变化速率最高(平均综合动态度为24.27%),变化速率差异最大(综合动态度极差为31.23%); 除东北森林带综合土地利用动态度下降外,其他屏障区均呈上升状态。(3)1985—2020年“两屏三带”生态屏障区土地利用转化程度都有所增强,其中增强较为显著的为川滇—黄土高原屏障和北方防沙带,分别上升3.89%,3.82%。各屏障区主要转化地类为耕地和草地,未利用地在北方防沙带和青藏高原生态屏障转化中也占有较大比例。[结论]1985—2020年“两屏三带”生态屏障区土地利用呈不均衡演化特征,应因地制宜进行土地利用规划与管理,进一步筑牢国家生态安全屏障。
- Abstract:
- [Objective]The aims of this study are to explore the spatiotemporal dynamic evolution characteristics of land use in the ‘Two Screens and Three Belts' ecological barrier area, to reveal its differentiation rules, and to provide a basis for the integration of land resources in the study area and the construction of a national ecological security barrier. [Methods]Based on 8 periods of land use data from 1985 to 2020 in the ‘Two Screens and Three Belts' ecological barrier area, methods such as single land use dynamic degree, comprehensive land use dynamic degree and transfer matrix, three models were used to comprehensively analyze the spatiotemporal dynamic evolution characteristics and differentiation rules of land use change from the aspects of land use structure, dynamic degree and spatial transfer. [Results](1)In the ‘Two Screens and Three Belts' ecological barrier area from 1985 to 2020, except for the northern sand control belt whose grassland area increased by 20 618.03 km2, the other four major barrier areas had decreased. Among them, the northeastern forest belt's grassland area had decreased the most, reaching up to 18 031.03 km2. The area of construction land in the five major ecological barrier areas all increased, with the northern sand control belt increasing the most, reaching up to 7 280.79 km2. The ecological land in the northeastern forest belt significantly decreased, and the non-ecological land increased significantly, which was consistent with the ecological barrier area contrary to the development requirements.(2)From 1985 to 2020, the land use type change rate in the south-central hilly and mountainous areas of the ‘Two Screens and Three Belts' ecological barrier area was the highest(the average comprehensive dynamic degree was 24.27%), and the difference in change rates among each stage was the largest(the comprehensive dynamic degree range was 31.23%). Except for the decrease in the dynamic degree of comprehensive land use in the northeastern forest belt, other barrier areas were on the rise.(3)The degree of land use conversion in the ‘two screens and three belts' ecological barrier areas had increased from 1985 to 2020. Among them, the Sichuan-Yunnan-Loess Plateau barrier and the northern sand control belt had increased significantly, with increases of 3.89% and 3.82%, respectively. The main types of land converted in each barrier area were cultivated land and grassland, and unused land accounted for a large proportion of the ecological barrier conversion in the northern sand control belt and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. [Conclusion]From 1985 to 2020, the land use in the ‘two screens and three belts' ecological barrier area showed uneven evolution characteristics, land use planning and management should be carried out according to local conditions to further build the national ecological security barrier.
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备注/Memo
收稿日期:2023-09-01 修回日期:2023-09-24
资助项目:国家自然科学基金(42061033); 青海省“揭榜挂帅”重大社科项目(JB2301); 青海省省级哲学社会科学重点项目(22ZD001)
第一作者:贾天朝(1998—),男,安徽宿州人,硕士研究生,研究方向为青藏高原生态经济与资源开发。E-mail:jtc2517528185@163.com
通信作者:胡西武(1973—),男,湖北荆州人,博士,教授,主要从事生态经济与气候变化经济学研究。E-mail:2827617701@qq.com